Price 10 cents 



\now TO 
I UMPIRE 

r HOW TO 

COACH 

I HOWTO 

I CAPTAIN 

iHOWTO 

I MANAGE, 

HOWTO i» 
/ ORGANIZE 
; A LEAGUE 

^ TECHNICAL 
TERMS OF I 
BASEBALL/1^ 

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SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY 



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Giving tlie Titles of all Spalding Athletic Library Books now 
J in print, grouped lor ready reference ( ^ 



SPALDING OFFICIAL ANNUALS 



Nt. 1. SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE 

No. 2. SPALDING'S OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE 

No. 6. SPALDING'S OFFICIAL ICE HOCKEY GUIDE 

No. 7. SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASKET BALL GUIDE. . . . 

No. 7A. SPALDING'S OFFICIAL WOMEN'S BASKET BALL GUIDE. 
No. 9. SPALDING'S OFFICIAL INDOOR BASE BALL GUIDE. . 
No. 12A. SPALDING'S OFFICIAL ATHLETIC RULES. . . . 

No. IR. SPALDING'S OFFICIAL ATHLETIC ALMANAC. . . . 

No. 3R. SPALDING'S OFFICIAL GOLF GUIDE. . . . . . 

No. 55R. SPALDING'S OFFICIAL SOCCER FOOT BALL GHDE. . 
No. 57R. SPALDING'S OFFICIAL LAWN TENNIS ANNUAL. . . 
No. 59R. SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL RECORD. . . . 

No. 31R. SPALDING'S INTERNATIONAL POLO GUIDE. . . . 



Price 10c. 
Price 10c. 
Price 10c. 
Price 10c. 
Price 10c. 
Price 10c 
Price 10c. 
Price 25c. 
Price 25c. 
Price 25c. 
Price 25c. 
Price 25c. 
Price 50c. 



Group I. Base Ball 

No. 1 SpaZding's Official Base Ball 
Guide 
How to Play Base Ball 
Ready Reckoner of Base Ball 
How to Bat [Percentages 
How to Play the Outfield 
How to Play First Base 
How to Play Second Base 
How to Play Third Base 
How to Play Shortstop 
How to Catch 
How to Pitch 
How to Run Bases 
'How to Organize a Base Ball 
League [Club 

How to Organize a Base Ball 
How to Manage a Base Ball 
J Club 

\ HowtoTrainaBaseBallTeam 
How to Captain a Base Ball 

Team 
How to Umpire a Game 
^Technical Base Ball Terms 
How to Score 



No. 202 
No. 219 
No. 223 
No. 224 
No. 225 
No. 226 
No. 227 
No. 228 
No. 229 
No. 230 
No. 232 



No. 
231 



No. 350 

BASE BALL AUXILIARIES 
No. 355 Minor League Base Ball Guide 
No. 356 Official Book National League 
of Prof. Base Ball Clubs 



Groap U. Foot Ball 

No. 2 Spalding's Official Foot Ball 

Guide 
No. 335 How to Play Rugby. 

FOOT BALL AUXILIARIES 
No. 351 Official Rugby Foot Ball 

Guide 
No. 358 Official College Soccer Foot 
'Ball Guide 

Gronp IV. Lawn Tennis 

No. 157 How to Play Lawn Tennis 

Group VI. Hockey 

No. 6 Spalding's Official Ice Hockey 

Guide 
No. 180 Ring Hockey 

Group VII. Basket Ball 

No. 7 Spalding's Official Basket Ball 

Guide 
No. 7a Spalding's Official Women's 

Basket Ball Guide 
No. 193 How to Play Basket Ball 

Group VIII. Lacrosse 

No. 201 How to Play Lacrosse 



(Continued on the next page.) 



ANY OF THE ABOVE BOOKS MAILED POSTPAID UPON RECEIPT OF 10 CENTS 

For additional books on athletic subjects see list of Spalding's "Green Cover" 

Pirimer Seriea on next page and Spalding's "Bed Cover" Sei^s on second 

page following. 12-16-X4 



SPAIiDING ATHLETIC UBRARY 



Gronp IX. Indoor Base Ball 

No. 9 Spalding's Official Indoor 
Base BaU Guide 

Group K, Polo 

No. 129 Water Polo 
No, 199 Equestrian Polo 

Group XI. Miscellaneous Games 

No. 13 Hand Ball 

No. 14 Curling 

No. 167 Quoits 

No. 170 Push Ball 

No. 207 Lawn Bowls 

Group XII. Athletics 

No. 12a Spalding's Official Athletic 

Rules 
No. 27 College Athletics 
No. 55 Official Sporting Rules 
No. 87 Athletic Primer 
No. 156 Athletes' Guide 
No. 182 All Around Athletics - 
No. 246 Athletic Training for School- 
boys 
No. 255 How to Run 100 Yards 
No. 259 How to Become a Weight 

Thrower 
No. 317 Marathon Running 
No. 331 Schoolyard Athletics 
No. 342 Walking for Health and Com- 
petition 
ATHLETIC AUXILIARIES * 
No. 302 Y. M. C. A. Official Handbook 
No. 313 Public Schools Athletic 

League Official Handbook 
No. 314 Girls' Athletics 

Group XIII. Athletic Accomplishments 

No. 23 Canoeing 

No. 128 How to Row 

No. 178 How to Train for Bicycling 

No. 209 How to Become a Skater 

No. 282 Roller Skating Guide 



Group XIV. Manly Sports 

No. 29 Pulley Weight Exercises 

No. 102 Ground Tumbling 

No. 143 Indian Clubs and Dumb Bella 

No. 165 Fencing (By Senac) 

No. 191 How to Punch the Bag 

No. 262 Medicine Ball Exercises 

No. 289 Tumbling for Amateurs 



Group XV. 



Gymnastics 



No. 124 How to Become a Gymnast 
No. 214 Graded Calisthenics and 

Dumb Bell Drills 
No, 254 Barnjum Bar Bell Drill 
No. 287 Fancy Dumb Bell and March- 
ing Drills 



GYMNASTIC AUXILIARY 
No. 345 Official Handbook I. C. A. A. 



Gymnasts of America 



Group XVI. 



Physical Culture 



No. 149 Scientific Physical Training 
and Care of the Body 

No. 161 Ten Minutes' Exercise for 
Busy Men 

No. 185 Hints on Health 

No. 208 Physical Education and Hy- 
giene 

No. 234 School Tactics and Maze Run- 
ning 

No. 238 Muscle Building 

No. 285 Health by Muscular Gym- 
nastics 

No. 288 Indigestion Treated by Gym- 
nastics 

No. 325 Twenty-Minute Exercises 



Spalding ^^ Green Cover" Primer Series 

No, IP. How to Play Tennis— For Beginners. . By P. A. Vaile. Price 10c. 

No, 2P. How to Learn Golf By P, A. Vaile. Price 10c. 

No. 3P, How to Become an Athlete. . By James E. Sullivan. Price 10c. 

No. 4P. How to Sprint Price 10c. 



ANY OF THE ABOVE BOOKS MAILED POSTPAID UPON RECEIPT OF 10 CENTS 

For additional books on athletic subjects see list of Spalding's "Red Cover" 



Series on next page. 



SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY 



"Red Cover '• Series 

No. IR. Spalding's Official Athletic Almanac* Price 25c. 

No. 2R. Strokes and Science of Lawn Tennis Price 25c. 

No. 3R. Spalding's Official Golf Guide.* Price 25c. 

No. 4R. How to Play Golf Price 25c. 

No. 6R. Cricket, and How to Play It. , Price 25c. 

No. 7R. Physical Training Simplified Price 25c. 

No. 8R. The Art of Skating Price 25c. 

No. 9R. How to Live 100 Years Price 25c. 

No. lOR. Single Stick Drill Price 25c. 

No. IIR. Fencing Foil Work Illustrated Price 25c. 

No. 12R. Exercises on the Side Horse Price 25c. 

No. 13R. Horizontal Bar Exercises. . . " Price 25c. 

No. 14R. Trapeze, Long Horse and Rope Exercises Price 25c. 

No. 15R. Exercises on the Flying Rings Price 25c. 

No. 16R. Team Wand Drill Price 25c. 

No. 17R. Olympic Games. Stockholm. 1912 Price 25c. 

No. 18R. Wrestling P"ce 25c. 

No. 19R. Professional Wrestling Price 25c. 

No. 20R. How to Play Ice Hockey Price 25c. 

No. 21R. Jiu Jitsu Price 25c. 

No. 22R. How to Swing Indian Clubs. , . . ; Price 25c. 

No. 23R. Get Well : Keep Well Price 25c. 

No. 24R. Dumb Bell Exercises Price 25c. 

No. 25R. Boxing Price 25c. 

No. 27R. Calisthenic Drills and FancyMarching for the Class Room Price 25c. 

No. 28R. Winter Sports Price 25c. 

No. 29R, Children's Games Price 25c. 

No. 30R. Fencing. (By Breck.) Price 25c. 

No. 32R. Physical Training for the School and Class Room. . . Price 25c. 

No. 33R. Tensing Exercises Price 25c. 

No. 34R. Grading of Gymnastic Exercises Price 25c. 

No. 35R. Exercises on the Parallel Bars Price 25c. 

No. 36R. Speed Swimming Price 25c. 

No. 37R. How to Swim Price 25c. 

No. 38R. Field Hockey Price 25c. 

No. 39R. How to Play Soccer Price 25c. 

No. 40R. Indoor and Outdoor Gymnastic Games Price 25c. 

No. 41R. Newcomb Price 25c. 

No. 42R. Davis Cup Contests in Australasia Price 25c. 

No. 43R. Archery, Lawn Hockey. Parlor Hockey, Lawn Games. Price 25c. 

No. 44R. How to Wrestle Price 25c. 

No. 45R. Intercollegiate Official Handbook Price 25c. 

No. 47R. How to Play Foot Ball Price 25c. 

No. 48R. Distance and Cross Country Running Price 25c. 

No. 49R. How to Bowl. . • - . Price 25c. 

No. 50R. Court Games o . . Price 25c. 

No. 51R. 285 Health Answers Price 25c. 

No. 52R. Pyramid Building Without Apparatus Price 25c. 

No. 53R. Pyramid Building With Wands. Chairs and Ladders. . Price 25c. 

No. 55R. Spalding's Official Soccer Foot Ball Guide.* Price 25c. 

No. 57R. Spalding's Official Lawn Tennis Annual.* Price 25c. 

No. 58R. Official Collegiate Basket Ball Handbook.* . . . . . Price 25c. 

No. 59R. Official Base Ball Record (Including College Records).* Price 25c. 

No. 31R. Spalding's International Polo Guide.* Price 60c. 

•Published annually. la-li-U 




A. G. SPALDING 
From Photograph taken in San Francisco in November, 1879 



SPAUDINGS ATHLETIC UBRARY 
Group I. No. 231 



How to Umpire 

How to Captain a Team 

How to Manage a Team 

How to Coach 

How to Organize a League 

How to Score 

and 

Technical Terms of Base Ball 



EDITED BY T. H. MURNANE 



NEW YORK 

American Sports Publishing Company 
21 warren street 



Copyright, 1915. by American Sports Publishing Conipau: 



2 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

ORGANIZING BASE BALL LEAGUES 

By T. H. MURNANE, 

President New England League. 

Professional base ball is divided into major and minor 
leagues. The two major organizations are the American 
I-eague and the National League, while the minor leagues 
are classified into divisions AA, A, B, C and D. 

At least 1,000,000 people must reside in the cities in a 
league for it to come under Class A of the minor leagues. 
Therefore, in forming a league, it is necessary to ascertain 
the population of the cities intended for the circuit. Many- 
leagues limit their teams both in the number of players al- 
lowed and salary paid, and these limits should be strictly 
enforced. 

Eight cities are the ideal number for a league circuit. Cities 
should be paired off where games can be exchanged on holi- 
days when possible. This is almost necessary in all leagues 
below Class AA. 

The Class AA leagues, such as the International League, 
American Association and Pacific Coast League, cover nearly 
as much ground as the major leagues, ana must, therefore, 
make out schedules similar to those adopted in the major 
leagues. 

Where the country is as thickly populated as in Nev/ Eng- 
land, leagues often are formed where the traveling expenses 
are light and interest stim.ulated by cutting up the schedules 
so that a team is at home a part of each week. Many small 
leagues have made a success of playing all Saturday games in 
the best drawing cities, splitting the receipts for these days 
evenly. 

Each league must have officers at the head who are able to 
force proprietors, managers and players to live up to the laws 

JUN 19 1915 -■ 

©CI.A406361 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 3 

in every particular. In other words, men who consider the 
interests of the league above all else, and who, while holding 
office, hew to the line, with fair play for a watchword, and the 
closest regard for the good of the sport. 

These officials must eliminate all personal interests, and the 
very man who will fight hardest to gain a point or a concession 
from the league, will be the warmest admirer of the officials 
when he realizes that they enforce the laws of the league to the 
letter, and spell duty all the time with a capital D. 

Therefore, when promoting a base ball league, the most im- 
portant work on hand is the selection of an executive head who 
is well posted on base ball from all angles, political, as well as 
from the standpoint of the magnates and players. A man who 
can mix up with the lovers of the • sport and still have the 
adaptability to his executive position and the ability to lead at 
all times. 

A poor executive can keep his league in hot water all the 
time, while an official with good judgment aild backbone will 
make the same league bloom like June roses. Men who have 
given up the idea of any connection with major leagues make 
the best controlling heads for the smaller organizations, for the 
reason that they are willing to bring out young players, and 
are not taken up with the championship idea at the expense of 
the salary limit. 

The day never will come when minor leagues can live while 
ignoring the salary limits, for it means paying out more money 
than comes in at the gate, and the miillionaire, even, is not living 
who will stand being the loser for more than two years at most. 

The safest man to control a minor league club below Class 
A is a retired ball player who wins out when his club does well 
financially. He will keep closer to the salary limit than the 
proprietor who is in the sport for a short time to see his name 
in the papers, and who later will make lame excuses to get out 
of the business. 

If I were to organize another minor league to-morrow, my 
fitst move after selecting the cities for an eight-club circuit, 
would be the selection of eight men to manage the clubs. 



4 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

These men would be old ball players with executive ability 
and each one would receive at least a one-third interest in the 
club. I would have it arranged so that no club could remove 
its manager without the consent of the president of the league. 
This would give each manager confidence, and sooner or later 
he would have a little of the luck that must come to a winner. 

My first advice would be to have perfect order on the ball 
field, insist on the players wearing clean uniforms, and all be 
uniformed alike, even to caps and shoes. The teams should 
cater to the best people in the community, and all questionable 
language on or off the field would be cut out. I would even go 
further, and insist that the spectators keep within the bounds 
in their personal remarks, for no one ever was attracted to the 
ball grounds by the insane and uncalled for abuse of players 
by the individual, disgruntled spectator. 

Gambling never should be countenanced for a minute in any 
form, for the past is strewn with base ball wrecks caused by 
gamblers. This element will abuse the game at any turn, and 
should never be allowed to thrive on a ball ground. 

I would insist on having the games called promptly on time 
and then played as quickly as possible. No game of nine innings 
ever should be more than two hours long, and the shorter the 
better. 

The half hour practice before the game should be made 
attractive for the spectator, as often a poor game will follow 
lightning preliminary work. The public goes out to see the 
players handle the ball, and is disappointed when lax and erratic 
work marks the preliminary practice. 

Briefly, the following points are worth consideration by the 
experienced manager as well as the new man in the business 
who is anxious to perpetuate the sport in any given locality : 

(i) Keep your circuit as compact as possible while taking 
in the best base ball cities available. 

(2) Have offtcers and a head who know the game and will in- 
sist on every one living up to the rules and regulations, 
and who will force managers and players to respect the 
umpires as representing the league. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 5 

(3) Select the class to which your population entitles you, 
and make every effort to stick within the salary limit. 

(4) A fair sprinkling of experienced players with raw recruits 

will make the best combination. The young players 
should start at a modest salary, as for them it is every- 
thing to get a chance in organized ball where those look- 
ing for talent will soon find the boys entitled to the 
substantial salaries. 

(5) Live up to the rules, and force the press and public of 

your cities to realize that the league is a substantial 
institution, bound to improve the weak spots, and respect 
the rights of the individual members. 

(6) Pay all bills promptly, including advertising, and work 

in every way to gain the respect of the local public, 
which will find a well-handled base ball team one of the 
best methods of advertising a city. 

(7) Insist on discipline among the players, for one bad peach 

will spoil a basket. Therefore, be on the alert to keep 
the players on their good behavior, as this counts more 
in the minor leagues than in the larger cities in the 
major leagues; but in all parts of the country, it is the 
salvation of the game. 
C8) Selfish players come from all sides, and like the restless 
ones must be guarded against. The pick of the players 
go to the big leagues, and a manager of a minor club 
should make it plain to his players that any of them 
worthy of advancement will receive his hearty co- 
operation. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



THE PREPARATION OF THE 
AMATEUR 

By JOHN B. FOSTER. 

Occasionally it is not impossible to find some person who is 
anxious -to play base ball, but has derived so much of his in- 
formation about the national game from the very interesting 
and sometimes technical accounts of the work of the profes- 
sionals, that he gathers the idea that it is a pastime too severe 
for amateur enjoyment. 

Let me try, so far as I may, to disabuse any one, who has 
an inclination to try the national game, of that belief. 

Never at any time, in the more than fifty years of life of the 
great American sport, has it been so firmly established in amateur 
circles as it is now. The number of amateur players has more 
than quadrupled in ten years. 

It is a statement so easy of confirmation that it needs no 
confirmation. Begin with the towns of 2,000 population and work 
upward to the cities of 100,000 population and find ample ocular 
evidence that such is the case. Where there was one nine playing 
base ball in any one of these centers of population ten years 
ago, there will be found four at the present time, and these are 
confined solely to the amateurs. In some places the ratio of 
gain will be found to be greatly in excess of the figures cited. 

If a young man of athletic build and favor desires to make 
base ball a profession for the years in which he is apt to be at 
his best, it is quite probable that a certain amount of physical 
exertion will be necessary to place him in the proper condition to 
stand a long season, wherein the games are regularly scheduled. 
It is quite evident that where a championship is at stake, in 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 7 

which professional organizations control the sport, that the par- 
ticipants therein will be expected not only to be in excellent 
health, when their duties call them to the field, but will be 
expected to observe certain regulations which shall be to their best 
advantage during a playing season. 

That these requirements are absolutely essential to the perfect 
enjoyment of base ball is all nonsense, and there is where an 
occasional wrong impression is obtained of our splendid pastime. 
On the one side is the business end of base ball. It has a business 
side to it, because it is a great professional occupation, splendidly 
managed as such, but it also has a side to it of pure and whole- 
some enjoyment, which has nothing to do with the rigorous 
training of the professional and which is not the least bit irk- 
some nor laborious. 

To be perfectly truthful about base ball it is not so exacting 
a game as tennis. Scientific and expert analysis has ascertained 
that the contestant in a hard fought tennis game consumes more 
vitality than the average player in a base ball game. Hence it 
is hardly fair to classify tennis with one of the milder forms of 
outdoor amusement. 

The principal difference between tennis and base ball is not in 
the amount of exertion and energy which are employed in the 
games, 'but in the difference of the equipment. The striker in 
base ball may not put a bit more force into his blow than the 
man who serves in tennis, but he bats a ball of quite different 
composition and weight, and uses a wholly different kind of bat 
to do so. 

The greatest drawback to the amateur's enjoyment in base ball 
was the possibility of injury to the hands, by reason of a severe 
blow from the ball when endeavoring to catch a hard line drive, 
or to stop a throw which was just wild enough to graze joints 
and finger nails instead of settling into the hands. 

To one in indoor employment, who could ill afford to have 
fingers broken or joints sprained, this was a serious handicap. 
It is a great satisfaction to say that the gloves, which have 
been devised in recent years by the Spalding factory, have so 



8 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

completely changed former conditions that it is now possible to 
play base ball without much risk of this character. 

To this fact alone may be attributed much of the growth of 
base ball among the amateurs. There is not a doubt that hun- 
dreds are taking part in games for amusement, and for the ex- 
hilaration of the sport alone, who have been led to do so because 
they find such ample protection for their hands in the Spalding 
gloves that they are not menaced by injuries which will affect 
their daily occupations seriously after they have tried to enjoy 
themselves on the play grounds. 

Frequently I have heard amateurs express the opinion that 
one of the greatest boons which has been given to base ball 
players in general, has been the steady perfection, under the di- 
rection of the Spalding firm, of all the appliances which are used 
in the national game. 

There was a time when it was considered "babyish" among 
ball players to avail themselves of the various devices to obviate 
physical injury and at the same time permit perfect enjoyment 
in the sport. No longer ago than when the introduction of the 
shin guard was broached by Roger Bresnahan, other catchers in 
both of the major leagues laughed at the invention. Even base 
ball critics went out of their way to denounce it. Now the ap- 
pliance is in general use, and there is scarcely a major league 
catcher who will not avail himself of the shin guard in the year 
to come. For the amateurs it is a splendid device, because it 
obviates any possible hurt at the plate by spiking. 

The mask, the chest protector, the shin guards and the gloves 
have contributed far more to the enjoyment of the amateurs and 
have done far more to make base ball possible for them, with 
little or no risk, than they have assisted the professionals. The 
latter enter upon contracts to play and assume all risk. The 
amateurs play for the fun that they get out of base ball, and 
as they depend upon other occupations for a livelihood, naturally 
prefer to play with as little risk to themselves as they may. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY 



HOW TO ORGANIZE A BASE BALL 
CLUB FOR BOYS 



It is just as natural for boys to organize base ball clubs as 
it is for them to eat. It is practically impossible for nine boys 
of an average age to live in the same community, no matter if 
they happen to be the only nine in the village, v^rithout "fixing 
up a team." But for all that, a few words of advice from one 
of the old boys, who has been through all stages of base ball, 
from straight pitching to curves, and broken fingers to a broken 
nose, may not come amiss to the youngsters who are interested 
in base ball now. 

One of the chief puzzlers to a base ball team of boys is just 
how much authority the manager has. Really, he hasn't a great 
deal, for the boys' club is entirely different in this respect from 
the professional organization. While the manager of the pro- 
fessional club is the chief, that of the boys' club should be 
subordinate to the captain when it comes to the playing end. 
The manager should, in the first place, hustle about for players, 
taking care that there should be at least one good man for each 
position, at least one change catcher and pitcher and as many 
other "substitutes" as he can scare up. All of these should 
formally meet after a sufficient amount of practice to enable 
them to get to know each other and each other's playing capa- 
bilities and proceed to the election of a captain. That done, 
the manager should leave the selection of the "regular" team 
and who and where each man should play at every game to the 
captain. The manager will limit his duties to the provision of 
a schedule, notifying the players of games and seeing that they 
are promptly on hand both at practice and games. Tha manager 
should also be the financial head of the team, if there are any 



10 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

finances. In other words, the manager is the business head of 
the team and must leave the playing end of it entirely to the 
captain. In order that there should be no hard feeling, the 
captain should work harmoniously with the manager, often seek- 
ing his counsel and he should be very careful not to pose as the 
"whole show." It should be distinctly understood, however, that 
in differences of opinion, the captain is the head of all matters 
that pertain to the playing end. 

In the first place it is one of the facts of base ball that all 
small boys and all large boys cannot play the same position 
equally well. One great difficulty, which the small boys are 
accustomed to have in the organiaztion of clubs, is to be con- 
vinced that nine pitchers never can make a ball team. As a 
rule, everybody wants to be a pitcher and there is likely to be a 
warm discussion before the team has taken the field to play a 
single game. 

There are boys who are natural pitchers, just as there are 
others who are natural basemen or natural fielders, and it is 
necessary for all beginners if they want to be successful to learn 
this truth at the start. 

That means the election of a captain, and after he is elected 
implicit obedience to his control. Every boy who is a member 
of a base ball nine must make up his mind that if his team is 
going to win, it is essential that he shall follow the instructions 
which are given to him by the captain. 

It is best, therefore, to have the captain properly elected by 
ballot. Once the selection has been made his word should be 
law, so long as he is in office. Possibly there are some who will 
believe that young boys cannot be induced to accept this kind 
of discipline from others who are about their own age, but the 
writer has seen many a team most capably handled, all things 
considered, by youngsters still in their "teens," whose orders 
were as faithfully complied with by other youngsters, as if the 
boys were under contract and subject to the discipline of pro- 
fessional base ball. Those were the teams, too, which were 
able to beat almost anything for miles around. 



SPALDINCx'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 11 

It must be always the duty of the captain to place his men 
on the field, thus in the matter of election it is best that some. 
one should be selected who has some knowledge of base ball, 
and who is well informed as to the qualifications of those who 
are likely to be associated with him. The captain must be a 
player who knows the rules without question. If he were ignor- 
ant of any part of them it might mean the loss of the game 
through the omission of some technical move, which would turn 
defeat into victory, or permit reverses to take place when there 
was no necessity for them. 

The selection of a team has a great deal to do with locality. 
In a city of some size it is tolerably certain that the boys of a 
particular section will associate with each other for outdoor past- 
time. It has been the observation of those who have watched 
base ball among boys, that better results are attained where the 
playmates of the year around are on one nine than when an 
effort is made to induce other players of fancied strength to 
join comparative strangers on a team. 

Of course, where boys meet in a public school it is not dif- 
ficult to find several nines among those of different ages. In 
the smaller towns the good ball players naturally drift together, 
so that there are junior clubs and clubs even for the little lads 
who are taking their first lessons in picking up grounders and try- 
ing to make home runs. The weaklings are soon discovered and 
sooner or later teams become the survival of the fittest. It 
isn't good policy to try to break up teams in order to place all 
the playing strength in one outfit. It savors too much of the 
decidedly unsportsmanlike theory of trying to win at my cost, 
something which every American boy should appreciate is not 
all there is in base ball. 

Having elected the captain it must naturally be his work to 
place the players properly. He will know that he must have for 
a catcher some one who is keenly observant of everything which 
happens on the field. The catcher is one man who must have 
his eyes opened and his wits about him all the time. He is in a 
position where he can see most that is going on in the game and 



12 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

in addition to his actual hard work behind the bat he must look 
out for the bases and prevent his fielders from playing at the 
wrong angles to stop the hits. 

The first baseman needs to be cool headed, with a long reach 
and the ability to catch the ball with one hand. As base ball 
is played nowadays one hand is becoming more and more es- 
sential to good work at first. Many of the best fielding basemen 
practice c-onstantly trying to catch the ball with the gloved hand, 
and plays are made which attract everybody by their brilliancy. 

The second baseman is the king of the infield. He has abun- 
dance of ground to cover, must be able to back up the first base- 
man and must also be able to back up the shortstop when the 
latter is playing second, and should be fast on his feet so that 
he can cover the many short flys which fall toward right field. 

The shortstop has work much like that of the second baseman, 
with the exception that he is asked to stop many long hits, and 
in order to be able to get the ball to first in time he must be a 
stronger thrower than the second baseman. 

The third baseman also must be a good thrower and he must 
be a player of pluck, for the hits come down third base line fas- 
ter if anything than they do anywhere on the field. In addi- 
tion to that the third baseman of the present era must know how 
to take care of bunt hits. 

The outfielders should be good runners, good judges of long 
hits and good batters whenever it is possible to combine all three 
qualifications. 

Pitchers are born, not made. The successful captain will know 
his pitchers at once and will pick out only those men who have 
patience, cool heads and good control of the ball. Erratic curves, 
which result only in bases on balls, are not the sort of thing 
with which the boys can hope to be successful. 

A team modeled after the above lines would be able to hold 
its own with the majority of the nines which it might meet 
through the summer season. Every captain must expect that he 
will lose a game at some time or another, so the moment that 
defeat does fall to the share of his particular team, it isn't good 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 13 

judgment to begin to supplant this player and that player by 
others. Never attempt changes until thoroughly satisfied that 
a better player is to be enrolled with the nine or that the player 
who is to be dropped is not more the victim of a little hard luck 
than a downright weak athlete. Above all things prejudice never 
should be permitteti to influence the motives of the man who 
is in charge of the team. 

As base ball is steadily going through a process of evolu- 
tion, which shows no signs of abating, young players are ad- 
vised to take advantage of all the new improvements which have 
been made for their benefit. By all means have suitable gloves, 
suitable masks, protectors and such other adjuncts as the sport 
requires. They are just as much an essential now as the guards 
which are used in cricket, and speaking of cricket, base ball has 
borrowed one idea from the ancient English game. A number 
of catchers now wear shin guards, which are made especially for 
base ball use, and were first introduced by Roger Bresnahan. 
They prevent many a sore spot in the course of a season. 

After the individual club has been organized the next thing is 
the possible league. This is by no means a difficult issue, and 
if it is possible to become a part of a league it is probable the- 
interest in the games will be more keen than if a club clings sole- 
ly to independent games with opportunity to play less than if it 
were to go through a fixed season. 

Let some central point be selected at which the delegates of 
the various clubs in the proposed league shall be present. Give 
each club but one vote in the meeting no matter how many dele- 
gates attend. Elect first a temporary chairman and after that 
a board of directors who shall have the business affairs of the 
league in hand. Then it would be advisable to elect a president, 
secretary and treasurer. 

For the league to be perfectly successful the president should 
be allowed to control the matter of the umpires and should look 
out generally for its welfare. Probably the voting of any sums 
for expenses would be better left to the jurisdiction of the board 
of directors. 



l4 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

A schedule commiftee would be necessary and that could be 
made up of the president, secretary and one lay member, or it 
might be chosen from all lay members, different clubs to be 
represented in turn on the committee in different years. The 
schedule is an important matter and those with base ball ex- 
perience are best qualified to arrange it for the playing year, 

A league among amateur clubs should have no difficulty in 
playing through a successful season, if the members will always 
keep in mind the fact that they are to follow implicitly the in- 
structions which are given to them by the president of the or- 
ganization, or the board of directors. In fact the league idea is 
spreading so rapidly throughout the country that in another five 
years it will be surprising to find clubs not part of some league. 

It must be borne in mind that any league must always respect 
the individual club strength of its organization. While in an 
amateur league players would not be asked to sign their names 
to contracts, it would be manifestly unfair for one club to en- 
deavor to influence the men of another club to desert, and action 
of that kind should result in sharp punishment by those in a 
position to censure. 

The extension of trolley lines throughout the various States 
has made the league idea even more popular than it has been 
in the past. It is now easy to make up splendid little circuits in 
which games may be played weekly or semi-weekly. The players 
are compelled to take but a short ride from one city to another, 
and the excitement following such series is but comparatively 
slighter than that which attaches to the large professional 
leagues. 

When a league adopts an amateur standard it should uphold 
it with the utmost tenacity and anything which pertains to pro- 
fessionalism should be frowned upon and punished with severity. 

It is pretty well agreed that amateurism and professionalism 
mix none too well in base ball, although there is more of it in 
the national pastime than in any other sport in the United 
States. It is not good policy for a strictly amateur league to 
permit paid batteries to be employed. Once that loophole is 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 15 

made, it is likely to be widened, until all the players on a team 
are rebelling because they are not paid for their services as 
well as the pitcher and catcher. 

Furthermore, there is not the same satisfaction in an amateur 
league winning with men who are either avowedly under pay or 
who are suspected of being paid, and players lose their interest 
in the sport where officials are lax about keeping the limitations 
strictly defined. 

The time is not far distant when in the larger cities there will 
be regularly organized public school leagues. There is no ques- 
tion but the games would be uncommonly interesting not only 
to the participants but to their hundreds of friends throughout 
the cities. All these leagues may be formed on just the lines 
laid down above. The greatest success of this kind of an organ- 
ization is the Public Schools Athletic League of Greater New 
iTork, which has a yearly schedule of several hundred games. 



16 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



THE EQUIPMENT OF A BASE BALL 
TEAM 

The following is the gist of a conversation had with one of 
the most prominent minor league managers recently : 

"Have you ever stopped to consider how much more a really 
good set of uniforms costs than those which are merely make- 
shifts? Just put it down on paper some time, get the cold facts 
written out in coin of the United States, then count up the games 
on your schedule and see how much the extra cost really figures 
out per game. There is hardly a minor league club that could not 
spend with advantage one hundred or one hundred and fifty 
dollars extra on uniforms and general equipment. If you will 
count up the total games you play during the season you will see 
this will not net one dollar a game additional — and, remember, 
that's what represents the difference between having a team go 
out on the field with uniforms that are really creditable and 
what they should be, and having them, on the other hand, parade 
in clothes that make fun of their playing abilities, degrade them 
in the eyes of their friends and your patrons, and make them 
feel 'cheap' — the worst thing that can happen to a player whom 
you expect to really do work that will mean 'winning ball.' Two 
extra spectators at fifty cents each will pay for what it costs 
you extra to put good uniforms on your men, and equip them so 
that they will really be a credit to the management of the club 
they represent. 

"What would you say of the theatrical manager who tried to cos- 
tume his people in the worn-out trumpery of the property room? 
What would the critics say of a manager whose only idea in put- 
ting a play on the stage was to economize wherever he possibly 
could? Don't you know the critics would tear him to pieces if the 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 17 

audience had not already made it unnecessary by staying away 
from the theatre? Theatrical managers have learned long since 
that it pays to have their people present a good appearance, and 
they don't stop there, but year by year productions are being 
more handsomely staged ; fortunes are spent in costumes which 
are never used after the play for which they were originally pur- 
chased has been taken off the boards, and all this lavish expendi- 
ture is for but one purpose — to please the patrons of the theatre. 
And have you not just as keen an audience in your grand stands 
as ever watched with breathless interest the denouement of some 
drama from the theatre box? What is the gallery compared to 
your bleachers for enthusiasm? Is there a star, matinee idol, 
you may call him, upon the stage to-day whose doings are 
watched with more interest than are those of the players on the 
league teams? Have any of them friends who are ^ more en- 
thusiastic, followers who are more devoted? Yet, these are the 
very men you send out on the diamond with an outfit positively 
shapeless, in many cases dirty, wrinkled, and altogether a dis- 
grace. The same man, if you meet him on the street, wears 
clothes that are a credit; he takes a pride in his appearance, and 
would do the same on the ball field if you really had as much 
regard for your own interests as you should. 

"The extra cost of a first-class uniform over a poor one, as 
already noted, is practically nothing. To a team playing over 
150 games a season, as the clubs in the Eastern League do, the 
difference in cost amounts to less than a dollar per game. Think 
of that, and then consider that the bulk of the cheap makeshift 
suits that many of the teams wear never were intended for any 
such amount of service, and when the season is about half over 
are barely hanging together, long having lost all resemblance of 
what they were originally. Would it not have been economical in 
the first place to have purchased a good set of uniforms, made 
of material that is suitable for the purpose, and constructed 
as base ball suits should be made^not too tight to play ball and 
loose enough to look well? Most of the teams that are run 
according to up-to-date ideas even have two sets of uniforms, 



JS SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

one generally of white material, perhaps with a little trimming 
of black or some other color on the cap, or perhaps only a col- 
ored button, and striped stockings. This set is for home 
games. Each man has his name on every article in the outfit 
and he takes a pride in keeping it as it should be or seeing that 
it is kept so. The traveling suit is, of course, made of some 
colored flannel that will not show dust or dirt very easily. Gray 
has the call by a large majority. The number of shades is large 
enough to permit of a selection to suit nearly anyone. How- 
ever, mi"'riy still stick to blue and maroon for their road suits, 
ar^a if the material is first class these colors will hold well even 
during a hard and long season, but if care has not been 
exercised in selecting the manufacturer and the material the 
amount of trouble that one set of poor uniforms can cause an 
already overworked manager on the road is incalculable. 

"The whole matter really simmers down to the question as to 
whether a really good uniform for a first-class base ball team 
is worth while. For teams of any of the leagues, as they are 
continually in the public eye, there is no question but what 
uniforms should be of the same class as the playing is expected to 
be. The player feels more like playing good ball when he 
realizes that his uniform is the best obtainable, and spectators 
without doubt feel much better satisfied with their hero in a neat 
suit than they will if he looks as though he has not been out of 
his clothes in a week, and the effect on the spectator is generally 
considered by a really progressive management. To ignore it is 
fatal; too many know this to have to be reminded.'* 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 19 



HOW TO CAPTAIN A TEAM 

By M. J. KELLEY. 

The captain of a ball team should be a first-class player, up 
to every trick of the game. 

He should take the side of the player, even against the man- 
agement, when he thinks the player is being in any way wronged. 

Once on the field he should have full charge of his men and 
carry out the programme mapped out by the manager. The 
players should have implicit confidence in him and obey his or- 
ders promptly and to the best of their ability. 

The captain should be especially well versed in the playing 
rules (a point, by the way, most of the players are weak on). 

The captain alone should address the umpire and teach his 
men that clubs get none the best of it by nagging the official 
and bringing the hot headed spectators down on the head of 
the arbitrator. 

When stupid plays are made by his men the captain should 
make a mental note of the same and allude to it later when the 
game is over, for no man feels worse than the one who has made 
the mistake. 

The captain should ever be on the alert to note opponents* 
weakness and map out a plan with his players to take advantage 
of it. 

While not outspoken, the captain should always tip off the 
weakness of his own men to the management. 

The captain should never be called on to sign or release a 
player, but allowed to pay his attention to the men after they 
reach the field. 

The captain should make out the batting order, and work out 
the plays with his men, as several heads are better than one 



20 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

on a ball field, for a change of front must often take place as 
the result of an opponent's change of attack. 

The captain should teach his men that a variety of plays well 
executed will bother the enemy, and perfection is necessary to 
carry out lightning changes of front on a ball field. 

When possible the captain of a team should be on the coach- 
ing lines, and should set a good example by his personal inside 
work. 

"A game is never won until the last man is out," is not only 
an old and true base ball saying, but the finest ever written for 
a ball player's guidance. 

The players wUl follow the lead of the captain much as ducks 
will follow the rising voung drake, therefore, in playing and 
general deportment, much depends on the captain of a ball team. 
Leaders are scarce, but come to the front naturally. 

While the best class of professional base ball team managers 
are as scarce as they are desirable, a thoroughly able and com- 
petent team captain is an individual member of a team very dif- 
ficult to find. 

It may be justly asked, "What constitutes the essential require- 
ments of a first-class captain oi a team?" In the first place, 
such a captain must know how to govern himself, otherwise he 
cannot govern others successfully ; especially is this moral quali-?p 
fication essential in the case of a player possessed of a hot 
and ugly temper. Secondly, he should in all cases govern the 
players of his team as he would like his captain to do if he 
were himself a subordinate player. These are the two primary 
essentials in the way of the moral attributes of an "A No. i" 
captain. 

In the selection of a captain, two well-known classes of cap- 
tains should be avoided, viz., the one class including those of 
ungovernable tempers, without self-control, dictatorial in their 
manner, imperious in command, and too fond of having this, 
that or the other thing done simply because it is their desire that 
it should be done. The other class are those who are easily 
influenced against their best ideas, of no determination of char- 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 21 

acter, afraid of censure, and too desirous of pleasing special 
friends in the course they pursue, at the cost of the best interests 
of the club they belong to 

Of course the captain of a team needs to be well up in all the 
rules of the game, as also the special points of strategic skill, 
and a first-class player not only in his position — which should be 
in the infield — but also in other positions which he may be called 
upon to fill in some critical period of a contest. He should be 
a lover of fair, manly play, and not a mere cunning trickster in 
carrying out his duties in a contest. Low cunning in a player 
is like "a vaulting ambition which oft o'erleaps itself." But 
where to find this rara avis? Of all the players of a team 
having pennant-winning aspirations, deliver us from the folly of 
a "kicking" captain, one who not only actually is "on the growl" 
in regard to errors of play and judgment, but who makes the de- 
fenseless umpire the constant target of his fault-finding. In 
fact, a so-called "aggressive" captain — that is, a regular fault- 
finding fellow — umpire baiter — is a nuisance on a ball field, ama- 
teur and professional alike. 



22 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



MANAGING A BASE BALL TEAM 

By CONNIE MACK, 

Manager of the Athletics. 

Managers of Base Ball clubs seldom agree upon the way to 
handle a ball club in order to get the best results. In other 
words, all have their own ideas as to how a club should be 
handled. Should the club prove a winner, the manager is con- 
sidered the best ever. Should he turn out a loser, the owner is 
looking for a new man with different ideas as to how his club 
should be run. Oftentimes you see the names of a team on 
paper that would be picked for tail-enders, and this same team 
may prove the winner. 

It's the combination and team-work that counts in Base Ball. 
No matter how strong a team may appear they cannot win un- 
less the players are working in harmony. The manager's first 
work is getting his players. He signs anywhere from twenty to 
thirty and from this number he must decide upon the players 
to fill each position and who he will hold for utility players. 

Great care must be taken before releasing a player. Many 
managers make serious mistakes by letting out young players 
who have all the natural ability, though lacking in experience. 
The mistake will surely come home to them later on when the 
same player is signed by another club who reaps the benefit of 
this young player's ability. In handling players is where a 
manager's ability really shows his true worth. 

Seldom can two players be handled in the same manner. One 
may be of the most sensitive kind, and this type of a player is 
the one managers have their troubles with. For when things 
break badly for him he considers everyone is working against 
him. The best way to handle a player of this kind would be to 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 23 

take him one side, and show him his faults, explain to him how 
he can remedy them, and at the same time impress upon him 
that he is -a far better player than he believes himself to be. 
Nine times out of ten this will work to perfection and a good 
player is saved to you. 

The player who is conceited enough to think he is far above 
the average can easily be handled. At every opportunity that 
offers itself he should get a good calling down. This method 
will soon bring him to realize that Base Ball has no use for the 
player who considers himself better than anyone else. 

In playing the game a manager must decide upon the style 
of game his team is best fitted for. In order to get the best 
results have each man do what he is capable of doing best. 
The sacrifice, the hit and run, the base stealing, are all very 
important. Pick out the players who are best adapted for each 
and place them in the batting order accordingly. 

Don't try to have your players do something they are not 
capable of doing. Teach them to sacrifice their own individual 
averages for the good of the team. In this way you will always 
get the best results and achieve the greatest number of vic- 
tories. 



24 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



CORRECT STYLE OF COACHING 
if 

By JAMES A. COLLINS. 

It takes a perfect knowledge of the ability of each player to 
properly coach the base runners. With wideawake players to 
look after, coaching at first base is wholly uncalled for, as the 
base runner must keep his eyes glued to the ball and use his own 
judgment when to move from the base. 

The play is altogether different at third base, and at this point 
a coacher is positively necessary for the man coming from second 
base. 

This base runner never should be obliged, on a safe hit, to turn 
his head toward the play, but should come on at top speed, 
looking for his cue from the man on the coaching line. He 
should be always in a position to turn for the home plate under 
full head of steam, and simply watch the coacher for the signal 
to keep on going for home, or to stop altogether. 

The loss of a fraction of a second will lose runs, games and 
championships, and all depends on the coachers on the lines if 
the players are trained to take their cues blindly from the men 
in a position to see all that is going on, wherever the ball is. 

I have seen fine players make the poorest kind of coachers, 
as they have failed to calculate the speed of their -own runners 
as well as the fielding and throwing ability of their opponents. 

Good base runners make the best coachers, and the best I 
ever saw, worked with signals and made little fuss or noise 
during their performances. 

There should be as much time given to perfecting the coaching 
department of the game as to any other phase of team base ball. 

When a man is running from first base, he should keep in 
touch with the coacher at third, instead of being on the lookout 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 25 

for something his opponents are going to do with the ball. 
Moreover, he always should move exactly as he is instructed to 
do by the man on the lines. 

Men often will remain close to second base, fearing the in- 
fielders who are playing far away from the sack. Slow run- 
ners must get a good start and take more advantage of their 
opportunities to score on safe hits handled by clever outfielders, 
and the men on the coaching lines should be obliged to not yell 
out instructions, but to work entirely through signals, either with 
their hands or caps. 

It is a mistake to send up some one to coach who is not alive 
to the inside workings of tl^ie game, simply because the regular 
coacher is indifferent. A first-class coacher at third base streng- 
thens a team three to five per cent., and good men do not aver- 
age two to a club in professional base ball. 



G SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRABY. 

SUCCESSFUL COACHING 

By JOHN J. McGRAW. 

If there is one thing I don't believe in as being necessary to 
successful coaching it is a lot of noise. The man who makes a 
lot of noise may suit some of the spectators, but he doesn't win 
games. What I do believe in in coaching is hard and constant 
thinking, and one can't be making a racket and doing the proper 
thinking and planning at the same time. 

The coacher is up there, according to my ideas on the subject, 
to see that the players of his side do what he wants them to do. 
T want my players to do what I'd do myself were I in their 
place. See that your players run the bases for the team, not for 
the individuals. Close games are won and lost right on the 
bases, and every move made there is important. 

It is essential that the base runner and the batter be on the 
alert to catch your signal when you want them to make a play. 
The expert coacher will have an eye on the opposing team to 
see how the various fielders are stationed and as far as possible 
what the opposing pitcher and catcher are planning, what they 
are trying to do. That's a situation that the coacher must size 
up when directing a base runner. The coacher must also, when 
directing a base runner whether to come on or hold his position, 
bear in mind the state of the game, whether there are none, 
one or two out, and must order the runner to take chances or 
riDt take them accordingly. Much depends on the state of the 
game whether a long chance is justifiable or not. 

Study the' man you are coaching. It is important that the 
coacher know the individual abilities of the players and take them 
into consideration in directing the men. My own preference in 
the matter of a location for coaching is third base. I prefer 
it to first base for the reason that all the play is in front of you 
at third base and you can supervise and direct better there than 
at first, where a great deal of the time the runner is turned 
away from you. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



HINTS FOR CAPTAINS AND MANAGERS 

Manager McGraw of the New York Nationals, who has been 
both a successful manager and captain, says the first requisite 
of a successful captain is ability on his own part. He must know 
the game himself and be an expert at playing it. The better 
player he is, the more confidence his men will have in him. 
His men will feel that he knows what he i.'s talking about when 
he orders such and such things done. Again, if he is a manager 
and no .longer a player his men will have confidence in him in 
accordance with the ability he has shown on the field when he 
was an active participant in games. 

Be he captain or manager or both, he must be firm with his 
men, McGraw declares. That is a quality he cannot do without. 
If he orders something done he must see to it that his order is 
carried out. Ability to grasp a situation quickly and think 
quickly is another indispensable asset of a successful captain or 
manager. 

"There is one feature of development on which I lay a great 
deal of stress," says McGraw, "and that is have your men prac- 
tice like they play, have them put the same snap, vim and heart 
in the practice as in the game itself. Have them practice like 
they play and play like they practice, that is a watchword with 
me. Fast, earnest practice k^ys your men up and has them on 
their toes. 

"In handling a team of ball players it should be remembered 
that no two men are alike and that they can't all be handled 
the same way. Study the temperament of each player. You can 
be severe with some, whereas you have to handle others with 
kid gloves to get the best results. 

"There's one thing I don't believe in at all, and that is club- 



^8 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRART. 

house talks and lectures. In all my career I've never done any 
of that sort of thing. The ball field is the place to teach the 
game to men. I might have an occasional individual talk on the 
side with this or that player, but no general talks or discussions 
of plays and plans. 

"When I want a man to do a thing, I want him to do it on 
the field, which is the place for Base Ball, not the clubhouse, 
and the ball field is the place to tell him about it. If a man 
makes a play on the field that you don't like, if he does some- 
thing wrong or goes contrary to orders, the place to spike such 
things is on the field and the time right away. I don't mean 
by that to criticize him or go for him before everybody or to 
give him a public reprimand, but to quietly inform him wherein 
he was wrong and why. The time to show him his mistake 
is when the play is still fresh in his mind. Then he'll remem- 
ber. Treat your players as you would want to be treated." 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



UMPIRING A BALL GAME 

if 

It is one of the necessities of the game of base ball, apparently, 
that the duties of the umpire should exceed, in their multiplicity 
and importance, those of the referee or umpire in every other 
sport in vogue. For this reason the position has become one re- 
quiring as much special training and instruction to excel in it as 
that of the most important position in the game. Indeed, it is 
far easier to obtain a suitable occupant for the most arduous 
places on the field than it is to find a fitting man for the posi- 
tion of umpire. 

Let us take a brief glance at the important duties the umpire 
is called upon to discharge in his onerous position. Quoting from 
the code of playinj^ rules as to the umpire's special duties, we 
find, in the first place, in regard to the official authority and power 
given him to enforce the rules, that : 

Rule 60. — The umpires are the representatives of the League and 
as such are authorized and i*equired to enforce each section of this 
code. They shall have the power to order a player, captain or manager 
to do or omit to do any act which in their judgment is necessary to 
give force and effect to one or all of these rules, and to inflict pen- 
alties for violations of the rules as hereinafter prescribed. In order 
to define their respective duties, the umpire judging balls and strikes 
shall be designated as the "Umpire-in-Chief" ; the umpire judging base 
decisions as the "Field Umpire." 

Experience has proved conclusively that this arbitrary power 
is a necessity in the game in order to successfully combat the 
gross abuse of disputing the umpire's decisions by the players. 
Another rule specially refers to the "kicking" evil as follows : 

Rule 63. — There shall be no appeal from any decision of either 
umpire, on the ground that he was not correct in his conclusion as to 
whether a batted ball was fair or foul, a base runner safe or out, a 



30 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

pitched ball a strike or ball, or on any other play involving accuracy 
of judgment ; and no decision rendered by him shall be reversed, except 
that he be convinced that it is in violation of one of these rules. The 
captain shall alone have the right to protest against a decision and 
seek its reversal on a claim that it is in conflict with a section of 
these rules. In case the captain does not seek a reversal of a decision 
based solely on a point of rules, the umpire making the decision 
shall, if he is in doubt, ask his associate for information before acting 
on the captain's appeal. Under no circumstances shall either umpire 
criticise or interfere with a decision unless asked to do so by his 
associate. 

This rule plainly limits the action of the captain in question- 
ing a decision only as to its legality, and it does not include a 
decision marked by an alleged error of judgment. Here is an- 
other rule to the same effect. 

Rule 65. — Under no circumstances shall a captain or player dispute 
the accuracy of the umpire's judgment and decision on a play. 

By this rule the player is prohibited from disputing a decision 
involving an alleged error of judgment. 

The umpire is required by official authority to bear in mind 
one important fact, and that is, that the rules are made to be en- 
forced by the letter of the law. If they are unjust the fault 
is not the umpire's, and he has no power to amend them, or to 
interpret them differently. But if they are disobeyed, it is the 
umpire's fault if they are violated with impunity. 

Have the playing rules at your command. Give your de- 
cisions promptly. Follow the ball closely and never give a man 
out where there is a reasonable doubt. 

Of late years it has been compulsory for the umpire to keep 
the vicinity of the batsman's box clear of all obstructions and to 
announce any changes that may occur in either the player coming 
to bat or players at their positions in the field. Both are very 
excellent provisions, for with a bag containing extra balls, or even 
such a small article as the whisk broom used in dusting off the 
plate lying about promiscuously, the catcher or umpire might 
easily make a misstep and break an ankle. The umpire should 
announce such changes in lineup as may be made from time to 
time, as he is the proper party to do so, and spectators should 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 31 

be kept fully informed of such changes in the only way pos- 
sible. 

Pay no attention to the comments of partisan crowds. Keep 
the players on the move. When players break the rules laid 
down by the heads of the league, never hesitate in forcing the 
penalty. Have as little to do with the players a,s possible, and 
never offer an excuse for some decision not to the player's 
liking. 

The umpire takes as much pride in his work as the player, and 
must be in good physical condition to do himself justice. 

The umpire should always try and be in a position to see the 
play, and never get mixed up with the players. 

In calling balls and strikes the umpire should adopt some pe- 
culiarity, for example, "Silk" O'Loughlin, the famous umpire 
of the American League, calls as follows : "One," "Strikes tuh" 
for two. Then comes "batter out" ; or, "ball one," "ball" ; then, 
"take your base." Sheridan never calls the number of balls, 
simply "ball," "ball," "take your base" ; "strike one," "strike two," 
"you're out." The players and spectators soon grow to know 
the calls, even when the voice is indistinct. 




l_"gtr-r-i-ke Tuh" ('-Silk" O'Loughlin); 2— "Safe" ('Silk 
O'Louglilin); 3— "Out" (Silk" O'Loughlin) ; 4— "Strike" (Hank 
O'Day); 5— "Safe" (Evans); 6— "Safe" (Tom Connolly); 7— "Out 
(Hank O'Day) ; 8— "Safe" (Hank O'Day). Photos by Conlon. 

CHARACTERISTIC ATTITUDES OF WELL KNOWN UMPIRES 
IN RENDERING DECISIONS. 



SPALDING'S ATHTiETIC LIBRARY. 



SEMAPHORE SIGNALS BY THE 
UMPIRES 

«r 

Two or three years ago base ball critics in the East and West 
began to agitate the question of signaling by the umpires to an- 
nounce their decisions. 

At first the judges of play did not want to signal. They 
thought it detracted from their dignity to go through a dumb 
show resembling the waving of the arms of a semaphore. 

That did not deter the base ball criticis from their stand. 
With good-natured persistence they urged upon the umpires 
the necessity of the new idea, and by and by the officials of the 
league took up the subject and suggested that it would be worth 
a trial. 

It was finally experimented with and has been one of the 
very best moves in base ball as a medium of rendering decisions 
intelligible, and now there is not an umpire but uses his arms 
to signal. If he did not, two-thirds of the spectators who make 
up the immense crowds which have been patronizing base ball 
for the last few years, would be wholly at sea as to what was 
transpiring on the field, except as they might guess successfully. 

Right arm in the air with one finger pointing to the sky can 
be read for a long distance as a strike. When two fingers are 
upraised the crowd knows that it is two strikes, and it doesn't 
care to hear much about the third strike, because the movements 
of the batter will certify to that. 

The left arm is used to signal the number of balls when it is 
necessary to do so. Some umpires never use the arm when a 
ball is called, and by refraining from doing so the crowd under- 
stands that it is not a strike. When the clamor is deafening and 
the Ditcher calls for the number of balls the left arm is raised 



34 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

with as many fingers extended as balls have been called against 
the batter. 

Almost every umpire has a characteristic motion for calling 
the runner safe. As a usual custom, however, the arms extended 
with the palms of the hands turned down signify that the 
runner has reached the base legally. 

When calling a runner out most of the umpires use a sweep- 
ing motion of the arm which signifies that the unfortunate player 
is to return to the bench. 

An umpire may signal that a runner is out, and on the very 
instant that he gives the decision the baseman may drop the 
ball. All the staff of the major leagues are quick to reverse the 
signal from a motion to leave the base, to the other motion of 
dropping the arms quickly with the palms of the hands down. 
It is understood at once, both by players and spectators. 

Even the older umpires, v/ho were more loath to give their 
consent to the new system on the field, are now frank enough 
to admit that it has been of invaluable assistance to them in mak- 
ing their decisions understood when the size of the crowd is 
such that it is impossible to make the human voice carry dis- 
tinctly to all parts of the field. 

Illustrations are appended showing the signals which are in 
vogue at the present time. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRABY. 



TECHNICAL TERMS OF BASE BALL 
if 

Since the very inception of the game, Base Ball has 
been prolific of technical terms and phrases, but they have 
never been so numerous and distinct as in recent years. 
Indeed, many of these Bas- Ball terms have become part 
and parcel of the phraseology of the period to quite a 
notable extent. For instance, the familiar term, *'Play 
Ball," is now recognized as the synonym of a special 
effort to give earnestness to one's work, and to stop 
trifling with anything we undertake to do — "No more 
nonsense; Play Ball." 

In writing up this chapter on "The Technical Terms 
of Base Ball," we do not present it as a mere vocabu- 
lary of the slang terms used in the game, as it is, in 
reality, a special chapter of instruction in all the points 
of play in Base Ball, besides which it includes explana- 
tions of the rules of the game. In fact, no one can read 
this chapter carefully and studiously without becoming 
well posted in the important points of strategic play in 
the game, as much so as if he had made himself familiar 
with every section of the playing code of rules as con- 
tained in the latest edition of Spalding's Offic'al Base 
Ball Guide. 

We have divided up the technical terms of Base Ball 
into the following classes : 

Technical Terms Applicable to — 
PITCHING (Page 36). 
BATTING (Page 39). 
FIELDING (Page 42). 
BASE RUNNING (Page 45). 
UMPIRING (Page 48). 
and 
GENERAL TECHNICAL- TERMS (Page 50^ 



c36 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



TECHNICAL TERMS APPLICABLE 
TO PITCHING 

A Balk. — This is a failure to deliver the ball to the bat 
legally, and there are nine different ways of committing 
a balk, as follows : 

1. Any motion made by the pitcher while in position to 
deliver th,e ball to the bat without delivering it, or to 
throw to first when occupied by a base runner without 
completing the throw. 

2. Throwing the ball by the pitcher to any base to 
catch the base runner without stepping directly toward 
such base in the act of making such throw. 

3. Any delivery of the ball to the bat by the pitcher 
while either foot is back of the pitcher's plate. 

4. Any delivery of the ball to the bat by the pitcher 
while he is not facing the batsman. 

5. Any motion in delivering the ball to the bat by the 
pitcher while not in the position defined by Rule 30. 

6. Holding of the ball by the pitcher so long as, in the 
opinion of the umpire, to unnecessarily delay the game. 

7. Making any motion to pitch while standing in his 
position without having the ball in his possession. 

8. Making any motion of the arm, shoulder, hip or 
body the pitcher habitually makes in his method of deliv- 
ery, without immediately delivering the ball to the bat. 

9. Delivery of the ball to the bat when the catcher is 
standing outside the lines of the catcher's position as 
defined in Rule 3. 

If the pitcher shall fail to comply with the require- 
ments of any section of this rule, the umpire shall call a 
"balk." 

The Battery of a Team. — The pitcher and catcher of the 
nine in the field are called the "battery" of the team. 

A Battery Team. — The pitcher and catcher, though 
"battery" players, cannot be regarded as a "team" unless 
they work together as such; that is, in thorough accord 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 37 

in their playing of points, and in their mutual under- 
standing of a special code of private signals, without 
which they aje merely two distinct players and not a 
"team"' in the full sense of the term. 

Battery Errors. — This c.ass of errors is confined to 
wild pitches, bases on balls and hitting batsmen with 
pitched balls, and to passed balls by the catcher. 

Called Balls. — The umpire is -equired by the rules to 
call a "ball" on every ball which the pitcher either fails 
to send in over the home base, or not within the legal 
range of the batsman's knee and shoulder. The ball must 
be over the base and within range, or it becomes a called 
ball, and four such called balls give the batsman his base. 
To be within legal range the ball must pass below the 
line of the batsman's shoulder and above the line of his 
knee. 

A Change of Pace. — This is done whenever the pitcher 
changes the speed of his delivery from fast to slow, or 
vice versa. But the change, to be useful as a strategic 
point of play, must be thoroughly disguised from the 
batsman or all its effect is lost. 

A Change of Pitchers. — This is done when the captain 
of the team finds that the delivery of his pitcher is being 
badly "punished." Changing pitchers requires consider- 
able judgment on the part of the captain, who should be 
quite sure that the batsmen are really "punishing" the 
pitcher, and that the fault is not that of poor field support 
of the pitching. In making a change, the succeeding 
pitcher should b- one with a distinctly different method 
of delivery from „nat of his predecessor. 

Chances Offered. — A chance for an "out" is offered the 
field side by the batsmar whenever he hits the ball in the 
air, or on the ground within fair reach of the fielder. 
If the chance is accepted the fielder either gets the credit 
of a catch, or for assisting to put out a runner at a base, 
or for actually putting out such runner. 

Command of the Ball. — This term refers to one of the 
essential points of first-class pitching, viz., thorough com- 
mand of the ball in delivery. 

Curving the Ball. — To be able to curve the ball in its 
delivery is one of the peculiarities of Base Ball pitching. 
The curves are produced by imparting a rotary motion 
to the ball as it leaves the hand. 



38 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

Cutting the Corners. — This term applies to the delivery 
of the ball by the pitcher in such way that it just passes 
over the corner of the home-plate. It is a difficult ball 
for the umpire to judge correctly. 

A Drop Ball. — This is one of the most effective balls of 
a strategic pitcher's delivery, and it is the most difficult 
curve to make; the rotary motion given the ball causes 
it to fall, in the line of its delivery, just before reaching 
the base. 

Head-work. — This is a very comprehensive term, and 
means a great deal in all field sports, but especially in 
Base Ball, as without "head-work" in a player's methods 
team-work play by the nine is out of the question. In 
pitching, "head-work" means skill in strategic play in the 
position. 

An Illegal Delivery. — This term belongs exclusively to 
the rule governing the pitching. An illegal delivery of 
the ball to the bat is made whenever the pitcher fails to 
have his pivot foot in direct contact with the rubber plate 
of his position. A similar balk, too, is made when the 
pitcher takes more than one step in his delivery and then 
throws the ball to the batsman. 

The Pitcher's Position.— This is defined by a rubber 
plate 24 inches in length by 6 inches in width, with its 
front line distant 60.5 feet from the home plate. 

A Raise Ball. — Hard to pitch, and in which the ball 
appears to float upward nearing the batter. 

A Spit Ball. — This is a method of imparting a shoot to 
the ball, when delivering it to the bat, in pitching, by the 
use of saliva. The ball is given an eccentric motion 
through the air, very puzzling to the batsman. The "spit" 
ball, however, is not only difficult to command, but it 
brings into play unused muscles of the arm, and is gen- 
erally obnoxious. 

A Wild Pitch.— K ball thrown wildly out of the fair 
reach of the batsman, either to the right or left of his posi- 
tion, over his head, or close to the ground, is a wild pitch 
and a battery error, and no passed ball can be charged tc 
the catcher on such wild pitched ball. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



TECHNICAL TERMS APPLICABLE 
TO BATTING 



Bases on Hits. — A base is earned by a hit whenever the 
batsman hits the ball to the infield or outfield out of the 
legitimate reach of a fielder. A base is also earned by a 
hit ball which goes to the infielder so swiftly that he is 
unable to field it to the base player in time for an out ; 
also, in the case of a swift line ball from the bat which 
the fielder is unable to hold on account of its speed. All 
such hits are base hits and earn bases. 

Bases by Errors. — The list of errors which yield bases 
are those known as fielding errors and those classed as 
"battery" errors. The former include dropped fly balls, 
wild throws — either overhead or on the bound — muffed and 
fumbled balls, and plain failures to judge balls offering 
easy chances for catches. The latter errors include wild 
pitches, bases on balls, pitched ball hitting batsmen, and 
balls passing the catcher on which bases are run. 

Bases oil Balls. — The batsman is entitled to take one base 
every time the umpire calls "four balls," and also every 
base runner who is thereby forced to leave the base he 
occupies. 

Batsman's Position. — Rule 38, governing this position, is 
as follows : 

"Each player of the side at bat shall become the bats- 
man and must take his position within the batsman's lines 
(as defined in Rule 8) in the order that his name appears 
in his team's batting list." 

Batting in Base Runners. — This is a marked feature of 
"team work at the bat." To forward base runners is the 
object aimed at by every batsman who "plays for his side" 
in batting. He does this by striving his utmost for a base 
hit, and next to that his effort is to bunt the ball so that, if 
it fails to earn a base, it will oblige the fielder to throw 
the batter out at first base, and thereby enable the runner 



40 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

on first to reach second base safely, this constituting a 
"sacrifice" hit. 

Bases on Balks. — Whenever the umpire calls a "balk," 
every occupant of a base — except the batsman — is entitled 
to take a base without being put out. 

A Base on Batsman Hit by Pitched Ball.— The batsman 
is entitled to take a base whenever he is hit by a pitched 
ball, provided that he has previously tried his best to avoid 
being so hit. It matters not where the ball hits him, or 
if it only touches his clothing. 

Batsman a Base Runner. — The batsman becomes a base 
runner under the following circumstances: i. The mo- 
ment he hits a ball to fair ground. 2. Directly after the 
umpire calls "third strike." 3. Also when the umpire calls 
"four balls." 4. When his person is hit by a pitched ball, 
provided he strives his utmost to avoid being so hit. 

A Bounder. — This term applies to a ball sent from the 
bat to the field on the bound. 

Bunting the Ball. — A "bunt" hit is made when the bats- 
man simply holds the bat up to meet the thrown ball, thereby 
allowing the ball to rebound from the bat to the ground. 

Rule 47 thus describes a bunted ball : 

A "bunt" hit is a legally batted ball, not swung at, but 
met with the bat and tapped slowly within the infield by 
the batsman. If the attempt to bunt result in a foul not 
legally caught, a strike shall be called by the umpire. 

Clean Hits. — A clean hit is made when there is no possi- 
ble chance offered the fielders either for a catch or a 
pick-up. 

A Daisy Cutter. — This term is applied to a ball hit along 
the ground, cutting the grass, as it were, as it proceeds. 
It is a telling hit. 

A Fair Hit Ball.— Rule 44 thus defines a fair hit ball: 
*'A Fair Hit is a legally batted ball that settles on fair 
ground between home and first base or between home and 
third base or that is on fair ground when bounding to the 
outfield past first or third base or that first falls on fair 
territory beyond first or third base or that while on or 
over fair ground, touches the person of the umpire or a 
player." 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBEART. 41 

Failing to Take Position. — Every batsman should re- 
member the order of batting, and be in readiness, bat in 
hand, to take his position at the bat when called upon by 
the umpire, prior to which he must be seated on the bench. 
Should he forget the order and allow a succeeding bats- 
man to take his place, and the error be not discovered 
before he has completed his turn at bat, the batsman who 
failed to bat in his turn is out. 

A Foul Hit Ball. — Rule 45 thus defines a foul hit ball : 
"A foul hit is a legally batted ball that settles on foul terri- 
tory between home and first base or home and third base, 
or that bounds past first or third base on foul territory or 
that falls on foul territory beyond first or third base or 
while on or over foul ground, touches the person of the 
umpire or a player." 

Rule 46 states that a "foul tip" is a ball batted by the 
batsman while standing within the lines of his position, 
that goes sharp and direct from the bat to the catcher's 
hands and is legally caught. 

A Force. — A "force" is made when the batted ball is 
sent to the field in such a way as to enable a fielder to 
put any runner out, who, by the hit of the batsman, has 
been obliged to vacate his base. It is possible to m.ake a 
triple play on three force outs when a fair hit is made 
while all three of the bases are occupied. 

A Force Hit. — A "force hit" is made when the batted 
ball is sent to the field in such a way as to enable a fielder 
to put any runner out, whether compelled to advance or 
not. 

Striking Out. — This is the act of being put out on "called 
strikes," and, as a rule, it shows weak batting ; but it is 
also a result of skillful, strategic pitching. 

A Sacrifice Hit. — This is a hit which is part and parcel 
of "team work at the bat," and at times it is of as much 
advantage as a base hit. For instance, a runner is at third 
base and another at first base, with one man out. and the 
batsman deliberately sacrifices his own chance to insure 
a score being made and the advancement of the runner 
from first to second. No sacrifice hit can be credited to a 
batsman on a force out. 



42 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



TECHNICAL TERMS APPLICABLE 
TO FIELDING 



An Assist. — A fielder is credited with an "assist" in the 
score whenever he throws the ball well enough to a base 
player to afford the latter an opportunity to put the run- 
ner out, and the assist is to be credited, even if the base 
player fails to hold the thrown ball. A fielder is also to 
be credited with an assist if he handles the ball in the case 
of a "run-out" between the bases, or if he partially stops 
a hard hit ball and thereby gives another fielder a chance 
to throw the runner out. 

Base Players. — There are three basemen or base players 
in a nine, viz., the first, second and third basemen, the 
catcher almost invariably covering the home base, though 
the pitcher does that once in a while, as the shortstop does 
the other positions in case of need. 

Deep Field. — This term is applied to the far outfield, 
whether to the left, center or right field. 

A Double Play. — A double play is made whenever the 
fielders put out two opponents of the batting side between 
the time the ball is delivered to the bat and its being again 
in the hands of the pitcher ready for re-delivery. 

This incident of a "double play" is peculiar to the game 
of Base Ball, it being unknown in Cricket or in any other 
field game of ball. 

A Dropped Fly Ball. — A fly ball, dropped out of the 
hands of a fielder before being "momentarily held," as the 
rule requires, or a thrown ball dropped after being thrown 
to a base player on the fly and within fair reach, is a field- 
ing error. 

A Fly Catch. — This catch is made when the ball is 
caught and held in a legal way — if only momentarily — ^be- 
fore touching the ground, whether it be a fair ball or a foul 
ball. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

A Foul-Tip Caic/^.— This is a catch of a foul ball which 
goes to the catcher sharp from the bat. The penalty of a 
foul-tip, which is caught, is the call of a strike by the um- 
pire, the catch of the ball not yielding an out, as it for- 
merly did, unless it be the third strike. 

Forced Off. — A base runner is said to be "forced off" 
a base whenever he is followed in the base running by a 
runner who has made a fair hit, or been sent to his base 
on balls and who has thereby forced a runner off, which 
latter forces off the runner who preceded him. 

A Fumbled Ball. — A fumbled ball is a fielding error. It 
occurs when the ball, having been partially stopped, but not 
held by the fielder, is fumbled in the effort to pick it up for 
the throw to a base. 

A Hot Ball. — This is a very hard-hit ball, and when, if a 
hot liner, it is either not held on the fly, or, if a hot 
bounder, is only partially stopped by the fielder, the latter 
is excused from an error, and a base hit should be credited 
the batsman. 

Iniielders. — The infielders, as a team, comprise the three 
base players and the shortstop ; but the two battery play- 
ers — pitcher and catcher — are also infielders. 

The Infield. — The infield of a ball ground comprises the 
diamond field and its immediate vicinity. 

Juggling the Ball. — A ball is said to be "juggled" when 
it is partially caught and rebounds from a fielder's hands 
before being "momentarily held." Until so held no runner 
can legally leave a base on an alleged catch, because the 
ball is kept from the ground but not actually caught. 

A Mulled Ball. — A ball is said to be "muffed" when the 
fielder fails to catch a fly ball or a thrown ball. 

A Passed Ball. — A passed ball is recorded whenever a 
base is run from a dropped or muffed ball by the catcher, 
or from his allowing any ball to pass him which is not a 
wild pitch or a base on balls. No passed ball can be 
charged unless a base is run on the error. 

A Pick-Up. — This term is applied to a clean handling of 
a sharply hit ball, especially if a bounder. It is a piece of 
fine, sharp fielding. 



14 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

A Quick Return. — This term applies to the quick return 
of the pitched ball to the pitcher by the catcher, so as to 
enable the pitcher to catch the batsman napping. 

Run Out. — A base runner is said to be "run out" when 
he is caught between the bases and runs backward and 
forward to avoid being touched out while off a base. Run- 
ners from first to second, when a runner is on third, base, 
and only one hand out, frequently run the risk of being 
run out, in order to afford the runner on third a chance to 
get home on the play. 

A Running Catch. — This is a catch which is one of the 
most attractive features of fine fielding, but it requires 
sound judgment and sure catching ability to excel in it. 

Short Field. — This is the space of ground occupied by 
the shortstop, who, by the way, is the roving player of the 
infield, who stands ready to cover second base, or that of 
any other infield position when occasion may require. 

A Trapped Ball. — A trapped ball play is made when run- 
ners are on bases, and a "pop-up" fly ball is expected to be 
caught. Each runner holding a base is at once forced to 
leave on the hit and the fielder, following the ball to the 
ground, but not catching it, smothers it with his hands 
when it strikes the ground. A trapped ball fails of its 
purpose when a technical infield fly is called. 

Infield Fly. — A technical situation announced by the 
umpire when, with runners on first and second, or on 
first, second and third, and less than two out, the batsman 
hits Up a fly that any of the infielders can handle. The 
batsman is instantly out the moment the umpire calls the 
infield fly, whether the ball is actually caught or not. The 
batsman does not run to first and the base-runners are 
not compelled to advance. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRABT. 46 



TECHNICAL TERMS APPLICABLE 
TO BASE-RUNNING 



A Base Runner. — The batsman becomes a base runner in 
six different ways. i. Instantly after he makes a fair hit. 
2. Instantly after the umpire calls "four balls." 3. In- 
stantly after the umpire calls "three strikes." 4. In- 
stantly after he is hit by a pitched ball, provided he has 
made no attempt to strike at it and has made a plain effort 
to avoid being hit. 5. If the catcher interferes v^ith his 
attempt to hit a pitched ball. 6. If a fair hit ball strikes 
the person or clothing of a base-runner or umpire on fair 
ground. 

Base Stealing. — A stolen base is to be credited to a run- 
ner, after reaching first base as follows : "Whenever he 
advances a base unaided by a base hit, a put-out, a fielding 
or a battery error. No stolen base is credited, however, 
when, in case a double or a triple steal is attempted either 
runner is put out ; when a runner over-slides a base in 
the attempt to steal and is touched out on the far side ; or 
when he is clearly blocked off of a base and is able to 
gain it eventually because the fielder blocking him muffs 
the ball thrown to him to make the put out. If a player 
starts to steal before a battery error is made, credit him 
with a stolen base." 

If a runner starts to steal a base, and the catcher throws 
the ball wild in consequence, the runner gets credit for 
stealing one base, but not for taking the next base on the 
wild throw. 

A Clean Steal. — This is a base stolen without the aid of 
an error by any fielder. 

Coaching. — This is the term applied to the method of 
aiding base runners to steal bases, through verbal direc- 
tions from the player appointed to stand back of first or 
third base to "coach" runners. It does not, however, in- 



46 SPALDING'S ATIILEnC LIBRARY. 

elude noisy demonstrations and personal remarks to op- 
posing fielders, commonly in vogue in badly managed 
teams. 

Rule 58 states that : "The coacher shall be restricted 
to coaching the base runner only, and shall not address 
remarks except to the base runner, and then only in words 
of assistance and direction in running bases. He shall 
not, by words or signs, incite or try to incite the specta- 
tors to demonstrations, and shall not use language which 
will in any manner refer to or reflect upon a player of the 
opposite club, the umpire or the spectators. Not more 
than two coachers, who must be players in the uniform 
of the team at bat, shall be allowed to occupy the spalce 
between the players' and the coachers' lines, one near first 
and the other near third base, to coach base runners. If 
there be more than the legal number of coachers or this 
rule be violated in any respect the umpire must order the 
illegal coacher or coachers to the bench, and if his order 
be not obeyed within one minute, the umpire shall assess 
a fine of $5.00 against each offending player, and upon a 
repetition of the offense, the offending player or players 
shall be debarred from further participation in the game, 
and shall leave the playing field forthwith." 

Left on Bases. — Runners are left on bases after earning 
a base by a hit, or by having a base given them by battery 
or fielding errors, if they are still on bases when the half 
inning ends. 

Over-riinning Bases. — Only in over-running first base is 
a base runner entitled to hold the base, and if he makes 
a palpable attempt to go to second base he is liable to be 
put out. 

■ Players Running Bases. — All base runners run the risk 
of being put out when not standing on a base, except in the 
case of over-running first base. Players running bases 
are obliged to return to the base they left when the ball 
is hit foul, and also when a fly catch is made. But the 
moment the catch is made, either from a fair or foul hit 
ball, they can leave the base they occupied and try to 
reach the next base safely. When running from base to 
base — except in the case of making a home run — they must 
keep as near to the line between the bases as they can, for if, 
in order to avoid being touched by the ball in the hands of 
a fielder, they run three feet outside of the straight line 



SPALDING'S ATITI.ETIO LIBRARY. 47 

between bases, they are out. This rule applies only in the 
case of trying to avoid a tielder with the ball in hand, not 
otherwise. 

Sliding to Bases. — This custom, as a rule, is dangerous 
work; but the risks of injury are run in the hope of se- 
curing a base, likely to be otherwise lost. There are two 
ways of sliding to bases, viz., head first or feet first. 

A Stolen Base. — Base stealing is an art in itself, and it 
requires head-work in the runner all the time. He has 
not only to watch the "battery" players, especially the 
pitcher, but he must be on the alert to get a good start for 
a steal. If a pitcher is at all slow in his movements or 
uses too many motions in his delivery, the runner can 
get a start from him without much difficulty. If the run- 
ner steals a base by reaching it before he is put out, but 
who afterwards is put out through overrunning the base, 
the failure to stop in time offsets the credit of the steal. 

T/ie Squeeze P/ajj/.— This is a peculiar point of play in the 
game. It is only attempted when a base runner is on third, 
with none out or one out. Then, too, it requires a brainy 
batsman to be facing the pitcher when the play is attempted, 
and also an expert runner at third base. The play is made as 
follows : As the pitcher moves to deliver the ball to the bat, 
the runner starts as if to steal home. The batsman then 
tries for a fair "bunt" hit, and if he succeeds, the runner 
is practically sure to reach home safely. If the ball is 
bunted foul, no harm is done to the runner, but if the bats- 
man does not touch the ball, the runner becomes an easy 
victim of the play. 

Taking Bases on Balls. — A base on balls is a "battery" 
error, though there are times when it becomes a point of 
play to send a skillful batsman to his base on balls, but 
only rarely is this done. 

Taking Bases on Balks. — All base runners are entitled 
to take bases on balks, whether forced off or not, but the 
batsman cannot take a base on a balk. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



TECHNICAL TERMS APPLICABLE 
TO UMPIRING 

Play. — This is the call of the umpire when he opens a 
contest, and from the time of this call until the end of an 
inning the ball is legally in play unless declared otherwise 
by the umpire. 

Game. — This is the umpire's call when he declares the 
game ended. 

Time. — The umpire calls "Time" only when he suspends 
play for the time being, and the moment the call is made 
the ball ceases to be in play. 

A Half Inning. — A "half inning" is the term at bat of 
the nine players representing a club in a game, and is com- 
pleted when three of such players of a batting side have 
been put out, as provided in the rules. 

No Game. — This term is applied at the close of an inter- 
rupted game in which less than five innings have been 
played. The rule says " 'No game' shall be declared by 
the umpire if he shall terminate play on account of rain 
or darkness before five innings on each side are completed. 
Except in a case when the game is called, and the club 
second at bat shall have more runs at the end of its fourth 
innings than the club first at bat has made in its five in- 
nings ; in such case the umpire shall award the game to the 
club having made the greatest number of runs, and it shall 
be a legal game and be so counted in the championship 
record." 

The Suspension of Play. — The rule (74) governing the 
suspension of play in a game, is as follows : "The umpire 
shall suspend play for the following causes : 

"i. If rain fall so heavily as, in the judgment of the 
umpire, to prevent continuing the game, in which case he 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 49 

shall note the time of suspension, and should rain fall 
continuously for thirty minutes thereafter he shall termi- 
nate the. game. 

"2. In case of an accident which incapacitates him or 
a player from service in the field, or in order to remove 
from the grounds any player or spectator who has vio- 
lated the rules, or in case of fire, panic or other extra- 
ordinary circumstances. 

"3. In suspending play from any legal cause the umpire 
shall call 'Time'; when he calls 'Time', play shall be sus- 
pended until he calls Tlay' again, and during the in- 
terim no player shall be put out, base be run or run be 
scored. Time shall not be called by the umpire until the 
ball be held by the pitcher while standing in his position." 

Called to the Bat. — Should the succeeding batsman fail 
to take his place at bat promptly the umpire calls for the 
batsman, and if he fails to take his position within one 
minute after the umpire has so called, he is declared 
out. (Section 2 of Rule 51.) 

The Umpire's Legal Calls. — The umpire is required by 
the rules to call every "Dead Ball," every "Strike," "Foul 
Ball," "Block Ball." "Balk." and all balls not over the 
plate or within legal range as a "ball." But he cannot call 
a "ball" or a "strike" until the ball passes the home base. 
He must also call "infield" or "outfield" fly whenever the 
ball is likely to be caught or touched in the air by an 
infielder, when first and second or first, second and third 
are occupied, with less than two out. 

Reversing Decisions. — No decision rendered by the um- 
pire shall be reversed by him in which the question of an 
error of judgment is alone involved. This renders kick- 
ing against such decisions worse than useless. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



GENERAL TECHNICAL TERMS 



Amateurs. — An amateur Base Ball player is one who 
does not play ball for "money, place or emolument." All 
college club players rank as amateurs when subject to their 
college faculty rules, not otherwise. No player, however, 
who accepts money or its equivalent for his services can 
rank as an amateur ball player. 

An Artist. — Webster defines the word "artist" as ap- 
plicable to a person who is "skilled in some art." There- 
fore, a skillful ball player is an artist in his peculiar line. 

The Battery. — This is a term applied to the pitcher and 
catcher of a team. It is the main attacking force of the 
little army of nine players in the field in a contest. 

Base Lines. — These are the lines defining the location of 
the four bases on the diamond field. 

A Block Ball. — Rule :^7, section i, says "A block ball 
is a batted or thrown ball that is touched, stopped or 
handled by any person not engaged in the game. 

"Sec. 2. Whenever a block occurs the umpire shall de- 
clare it, and the base runners may run the bases without 
being put out until the ball has been returned to and held 
by the pitcher standing in his position. 

"Sec. 3. If the person not engaged in the game should 
retain possession of the ball, or throw or kick it beyond 
the reach of the fielders, the umpire should call 'Time' and 
require each base runner to stop at the last base touched 
by him until the ball be returned to the pitcher standing 
in his position and the umpire shall have called 'Play.' " 

The Rubber. — This is the term given the pitcher's po- 
sition. Sometimes spoken of as "the slab." 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 51 

The Box. — This is the term given to the position the 
batsman occupies. Often wrongfully applied to the 
pitcher's rubber or slab. 

A Fan.— This is a term applied to a patron of the game, 
whose partisanship is so pronounced as to amount to fanati- 
cism, hence the word Fan. 

Hit and Run. — This is a term applicable to a point of 
play in the game in which a combination of team work 
at the bat and brainy base-running is brought into play 
with telling effect. John M. Ward thus describes how it 
was practically exemplified in 1893 by Nash, Duffy and 
McCarthy, of the champion Boston team of that year 

"Say, for instance, that they have a man on first and 
nobody out. Under the old style of play a sacrifice would 
be the proper thing. Then the man on first would reach 
second while the batsman was put out. The Bostons, 
however, work this scheme : The man on first makes a 
bluff to steal second, but runs back to first. By this it be- 
comes known whether the second baseman or the shortstop 
is going to cover second for the throw from the catcher. 
Then the batsman gets a signal from the man on first 
that he is going to steal on a certain pitched ball. The 
moment he starts for second the batsman just pushes the 
ball for the place occupied only a moment before bv the 
infielder who has gone to cover second base. That is, if 
the second baseman covers the bag the batter pushes the 
ball slowly to right field; if it is the shortstop, the ball is 
pushed to left field. Of course, it takes a skillful player 
to do this, but they have such hitters on the Boston nine. 
Now, when that ball is pushed to the outfield, the man 
who has already started to steal second just keeps right on 
to third, while the batsman is safe at first. Then the 
trick is tried over again, and in most cases successfully. 
The man on first makes another bluff to steal, and when 
the batsman learns who is to cover second base he pushes 
the ball out again, the man on third scoring, the man on 
first reaching third, and the batsman gaining first." 

"Play Ball."— This is now one of the most familiar terms 
of the whole code of technical terms used m the game, h 
simply means that the players at once throw aside mere 
"playing ball for the fun of it," and devote themselves to 
earnest work in the game. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



HOW TO SCORE 

By the late Henry Chadwick, "Father of Base Ball.'* 

Tc score a game of Base Ball is a very easy matter indeed, 
if the object in view is simply to ascertain which of the con- 
testing sides wins ; but to score a game for the purpose of 
making up a complete analysis of each player's work at the bat 
and in the field, is quite a different matter. For the former 
purpose the record of the outs and runs, and the runs made 
in each innings, amply suffices; but for the latter object a full 
record of all the chances offered and accepted for making runs 
and putting players out, and of all the base hits made, and of 
how batsmen and base runners reach bases and score runs, 
together with all the errors committed by the batsmen and 
fielders are necessary. To score these latter particulars with as 
much brevity, rapidity and accuracy in detail as possible, con- 
stitutes efficient scoring. How to score properly is what we 
shall endeavor to show the reader of this chapter on scoring. 

To take down in writing every play made in a game necessi- 
tates the use of a system of shorthand, which, of course, differs 
from the work of the phonographist to the extent that sound 
differs from movements. Over fifty years ago we prepared a 
system of shorthand for the movements of contestants in a 
Base Ball match, which system is now familiar to every scorer 
in the country. The abbreviations of this system were pre- 
pared on the mnemonics plan of connecting the abbreviated 
words in some way or other with the movement to be described, 
so as to allow the memory to be aided by what was already 
familiar to it, without trusting alone to an arbitrary remem- 
brance of each distinct sign. We began with the first three 
letters of the alphabet to indicate the first three bases ; then 
we adopted the first or last letter of the word to be recorded, 
so as to make it familiar, thus using F for the word "fly,' and 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 5S 

L for the word "foul," H for "home base," R O for "run-out," 
K for "struck out," as it was the prominent letter of the word 
strike, as far as remembering the word was concerned. This 
was the principle of the system, and it was carried out in fur- 
ther abbreviations. 

Below will be found our regular method of scoring which 
warf indorsed by the National Association of i860, and practised 
by the best scorers in the country. 



TO SCORE THE BATTING. 

Wnen the players take their positions in the field, and the 
game commences, all the scorer has to do to record the par- 
ticulars of the batting, is the moment a run is secured, to put 
down a dot (•) in the corner of the square opposite the name 
of the batsman making the run ; and when an out is made all 
he has to do is to mark down the figure i for the first out, 
2 for the second out, and 3 for the third. By way of check- 
ing the score he can also record each run at the end of the 
score of each batsman, so that the batsman's total score at the 
end of each innings can be seen at a glance. 

When the innings terminate, add up the total dots or runs 
recorded, and mark the figure underneath the column of the 
innmgs, and underneath this figure record the grand total at 
the close of each innings. Thus suppose 3 runs are scored in 
the first innings, and 2 in the second, and 3 in the third, under 
the total figure of the second innings you mark down 5, and 
under the total figure of the third innings you mark down the 
figure 8; by this means you can tell at a glance what the total 
score of a player or of an innings is at any time during the 
game. The above rule is simply the method of scoring the 
runs and outs made, without the particulars of the fielding or 
any record of bases made on hits. 

One special feature of this Spalding copyright method of ours 
in scoring in Base Ball is the numbering of the players of each 
respective team in their regular batting order, thereby plainly 



54 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

designating each of the nine players in the field by his number 
in the batting order. By this means a fielder's number from 
I to 9 can readily be known as the one who made an assist 
or a put-out, or who commits a fielding error, no matter what 
change of position in the field is made. This change of position 
cannot possibly be made with the facility of designating the 
particular fielder by recording his number by that of his posi- 
tion as it can be by recording the figure of the order of bat- 
ting, as his position in the field is frequently changed, while 
that of his batting order is never changed during the game, ex- 
cept when a new player is added to the team, in which case he 
becomes No. lo. 

For instance, the college club rule of figures for the players 
is that of No. i, for the pitcher ; No. 2, for the catcher, and 
so on from first, second and third basemen to shortstop, left 
fielder, center fielder and right fielder, while the professional 
figures are used according to the order of batting. 

When the two nines have been chosen and are present, the 
scorer records their names in the book as follows : On the left- 
hand page he places the names of one nine under the head of 
"batsman" and of the other nine under the head of "fielders," 
the batter being marked by figures i to 9 in accordance with 
their batting order. This order is reversed on the right-hand 
page, the fielders becoming the batsmen and the batsmen the 
fielders. This being done, he then records the date of the match 
and name of the grounds it is played on, this being recorded 
over the heading of the "innings." When the umpire is se- 
lected, and the players are ready to begin the game, the moment 
the umpire calls "play" the scorer records the time the call was 
made over the heading of the "batsmen," who begin the game, 
and the names of this side are the first to be put down when 
the score is made at the close of the game. The moment the 
batsman hits a ball and is put out, the scorer records the out 
by simply writing the figure i in the square of the first innings, 
opposite the batsman's name. 

In scormg a game in an ordinary score-book, each fielder is 



SPAi.Dir.r.-.s .\ti:i.::tic i.:nr.AUY. ns 

numbered from one to nine, and in recording by whom players 
are put out, these figures are used lo indicate the name of the 
fielder. Thus, if the first-named player on the list is the 
catcher, the first catch he makes behind on a foul fly is recorded 
I L-F, viz., put out by I on a foul (L), fly (F). The whole 
record of a game by this system is done simply by dots, figures 
and letters. Dots for runs, figures for the outs, players' names 
and bases players are left on, together with the total scores, 
and letters as abbreviations of the words used to indicate the 
manner in which a player is put out. In writing down the 
positions of the fielders, all that is requisite is to use the in- 
itial letter for each position, thus C for catcher, P for pitcher, 
etc. In recording the center field, however, we use M instead 
of C, recording it as ''middle field," as C is for catcher. 

Suppose the fielders in their places and the batsman in his, 
and the sc:r::rs ready to record the game. "Play" is called, 
and the time of beginning the game at once recorded. 
The striker then hits a ball, which is caught on the fly 
by the left fielder, who is the seventh striker, we will say, 
on the other side. On the square of the first innings op- 
posite the striker you first write down the figure i, indicat- 
ing the first hand out, and above it write the figure 7 and 



the letter F, and your record will then appear thus : : 7-F : 



the 7 representing the nam.e of the fielder, and the letter F the 
initial of the word fly, showing by whom and in what manner 
the player w^as put out. 

A (•) is used to score a run; while small figures — ist, 2d and 
3d— are used to indicate left on bases. A, B, C, represent the 
first three bases, and all the other abbreviations are either the 
first or last letters of the words abbreviated. Thus, we give the 
first letters of fly, tip, run-out, and home run, and the last 
letters of foul, and struck, as we have already used F for fly; 
and the letter K, in struck, is easier to remember in connection 
with the word than S. 



56 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

SINGLE-LETTER ABBREVIATIONS. 

The single-letter abbreviations we use are as follows: 
A — For First Base. 
B — For Second Base. 
C — For Third Base. 
H— For Home Plate. 

These indicate the several bases only, the following being 
otherwise used ; 

F— For Catch of Fly Ball. 
K — For Struck Out. 
L — For Foul Balls. 

M — For Middle Field position, viz.. Center Field. 
P— For Passed Balls. 
S— For "Sacrifice Hits." 



DOUBLE-LETTER ABBREVIATIONS. 

The double-letter abbreviations are as follows: 

AB— For At Bat. 

BB — For Bases on Balls. 

EC — For Fielder's Choice. 

LF — For Foul Fly Catch. 

HR — For Home Run. 

RO— For Run Out. 

LK— For Foul Strike. 

TF— For Tip Fly Ball. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 5? 

BATTING SIGNS. 

Abbreviations used in batting differ from the letter signs, as 
will be seen below. 

In indicating base hits we employed a cross T for one-base 
hit, a double cross ifl for a two-base hit, and a triple cross 
^ for a three-base hit, and to show where the ball was hit, 
we added a dot to the cross so as to indicate the part of the field 
the ball was sent to. Thus a hit to left field for one base is 
narked thus T ; a hit to right field for two bases, thus 
-p ; a hit to center field for three bases thus, ^ 

A ground ball to either position yielding two bases i zt i 

FIELDING SIGNS. 

The signs we use for Fielding movements are as given below : 

A high-thrown wide ball is indicated thus, .:_ , the hne 
being for the throw and the dot above for the high ball. The 
low-thrown wide ball is similarly indicated, only the ball is 
placed under the line, thus -r . 

A half circle shows a wild-pitched ball, thus <^ . A dropped 
fly ball with a dot in the center, thus . A double play 

by the following sign, } . A batsman hit by a pitched ball 

by the word "hit." A muffed ball by (m) . 

The base-running signs are as follows : 5"/ for stolen base, 
Jst, 2d and Sd for left on bases, the figures showing what bases 
the runners were left on. 

It will be seen at a glance that the mnemonic system is 
frequently used in the makeup of the abbreviations; that is, the 
use of signs one is familiar with in the place of mere arbitrary 
signs. 




i 



li^B 



o c 




Cutting the Corners 
of the Home Plate 

may be all right for some pitch- 
ers, but they '*take a chance," 
and that is how some base ball 
goods are made — something is 
skimped — a chance is taken. 

Spalding Base Ball Goods are 
made to a standard — the stand- 
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ing is left to chance. 

Managers, Players and "Fans" 

should send for a copy of the new 
Spalding Catalogue for 1915. It contains 
pictures and prices of everything used in 
the national game. Mailed free from 
any Spalding store (for one nearest to 
you, see inside front cover). 



The Spalding 
"Official National League" Ball 

PATENT CORK CENTER 




Adopted by The National 
League in 1878 and is the 
only ball used in Champion- 
ship games since that time 
and, as made now with 
Patent Cork Center, has been 
adopted for twenty years 
more, making a total adop- 
tion of fifty-four years. 




No.1 



Each, 

Per Dozen, $15.00 



This ball has the SPALDING 

"PATENT" CORK CEN- 
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since August I, 1910, without 
change in size of cork or 
construction. Same ball ex- 
actly as used in World Series 
Games of 1910. 1911. 1912 
1913 and 1914. 

- $1.25 



Each ball wrapped in tinfoil, packed in a separate box. and sealed 
in accordance with the latest League regulations. Warranted to last 
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THE SPALDING "OFFICIAL NATIONAL LEAGUE" BALL 

HAS BEEN THE OFFICIAL BALL OF THE 

GAME SINCE 1878 

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Reg.U.S Pat.Off. 

PATENT CORK CENTER 

Patented August 31, 1909 

Made with horse hide cover and in 
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center, same as our " Official National 
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slightly smaller in size. Especially de- 
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Spalding' 

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Pure Para Rubber Center 

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for two or more ganies. 
No. 0. Each. $1.25 Dozen, $15.00 



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Above balls warranted to last a full game when 
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■( dried second growth straight grained white ash, cut from upland timl^er, pos- 
jsessing greater resiliency, density, strength and driving qualities than that of 
, any other wood. The special oil finish on these bats hardens with age and 
increases the resiliency and driving power of the bat Each, $1.00 

Carried in >tock in all Spalding stores in the following Models. Mention name of player when ordering. 

$^ fs. AUTOGRAPH MODEL 

°\of^^V!f''*\M. Largest and he.viesl b.t 

O Q (except Meyers special 

model) useoDy any professional ball player. i 

Weights from 51 to 55 ounces. Length 35 in. . 

'TI/ ^^Zt~! AUTOGRAPH 

O'^'^^.'fe^^-'^ MODEL 

< . < -^ Well balanced, cc 

sufficient wood 
wer. Weights 




AUTOGRAPH 
^^ <ad.^,_MOOEL^,^ 

;lc handle. Weights from 44 to 
Length 35 ' ' 



^ AUTOGRAPH 
■~-^ MODEL 

Short bat, large 
nded end. Weights from 

L^ngth_32^; in. 

AUTOGRAPH 
MODEL 
Short bat, 
handle, but body 
Weights from 38 to 42 
AUTOGRAPH Length 32 inches. 

MODEL We can also supply on 

One of the best . , , -X^ ,. 

roduced. Medium specialordersDonun, 

ndle and well distributed striking r)nWp« Kpplpr a n H 
Equally suitable for the full swing ^JaKeS, IVeeiCT aUU 
r the choke style of batting. Vy eights EverS ModclS, or light 




'^tTTJt^t^^A^ 



I pi. 



St and lightest bat 
sed by any profes- 
r. Specially adapted to small 
. Weighu from 35 to 39 ounces. 



Length 34 inches. .... . ^. - ^.^^v.^..^. Lengths 

SPALDING SPECIAL MODEL BATS 

We can supply on special orders Model Bats same as we have made for the most 
famous batsmen on National and American League Teams. 

BAKER. Philadelphia. American League . . . . Model B MEYERS^ New York. National League .... Model M 

CALLAHAN. Chicago. American League . . . Model C OLDRING. Philadelphia. American League . . Model O 

DAUBERT. Brooklyn. National League .... Model D PASKERT, Philadelphia. National League . . . Model P 

nXTCHER. New York. National J-cague . . . Model F SPEAKER, Boston. American League ...... 

iHERZOG.Cincinnali.Nalionar League .... Model H THOMAS, Philadelphia. ' 

LUDERUS, Philadelphia. Nalional League . . . Model L WHEAT. Brooklyn, Nail 






The original models from which we have turned bats for the above players we hold 
at our Bat Factory,. making duplicates on special order only. These special order 
bats do not bear the Players' Autographs. We require at least two weeks' time 

for the execution of special bat orders. 
Spalding Special Model Bats. Profe.sional Oil Finish. Nit Carried in Stock. Each, $1.00 

Spalding bat> improve with age if properly uCred for. Bats made specially to order should not be 
used for at least thirty (30) days after they are finished, to give ample time for the oiled finish 
to thoroughly harden. Players should make it a rule to have two or more bats in reserve at all times. 



PROMPT MENTION GIVEI 

TOANYCOMMUNICATIOI 

ADDRESSED TO US 



A.G.SPALDING <Sl BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



ICOMPIETE LIST OF STORES 

ON INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOK 



Vricei in efftcl ]a 



5, 1 9 1,5 ■ Subject lo change without notice. For Canadian price) tee apeciat Canadian Catalogue, 



)alding "All Star" Model Bats 

No. lOOS. This line for 1915 comprises twelve models specially designed for 
amateur players and selected from models of bats used by over five hundred 
loading batters during the past ten years. Quality of wood used is finest selected 
second growth Northern ash, air dried and treated as follows: yellow stained, 
mottled burnt, carefully filled, finished with best French polish. . Each. $1.00 

Furnished in any of the following twelve models— Mention model number when ordering 

LENGTH WEIGHT UlNGTH WEIGHT LENGTH WEIGHT 

Model S1-3I in. 35to39oz. Model S5— 34 in. 40to44oz. Model S9 -35 in. 40 to 45 oz. 
Model S2— 34 ' : in. 40 to 45 oz. Model S6-33 in. 38 to 43 oz. Model SIO— 33 in. 37 to 43 oz. 
ModelS3— 31 '.in. 38to42oz. ModelS7-33 in. 37to43oz. Model SI 1—35 in. 42 to 46 oz. 
Model S4— 32 ^2 in. 40to45oz. Model S8— 34 in. 39to44oz. Model S12-33 in. 40 to 44 02. 

Spalding Professional Improved Oil Finish Bats 

No. lOOP. The Spalding Professional Improved Oil Finish as used on this line is 
the result of exhaustive e.xperiments and tests conducted in our bat factory, with 
the assistance of some of the greatest professional players. The timber used is 
identical with that in "Players' Autograph" and "All Star" models. Each, $1.00 

Furnished in any of the following twelve models — Mention model number when ordering 

LENGTH WEIGHT LENGTH WEIGHT LENGTH WEIGHT 

Model Pi— 31 in. 35 to 39 oz. Model P5— 34 in. 40to44oz. Model P9— 34'.; in. 40 to45oz. 
Model P2- 33 in. 38 to 43 oz. Model P6 -35 in. 40 to 44 oz. Model PI 0-34 in. 38 to 42 oz. 
Model P3-33 in. 39 to 44 oz. Model P7— 34 , ih. 39to43oz. ModelPU— 35 in.45to50oz. 
Model P4-33 in. 36 to 40 oz. Model P8-3434 in. 38 to43 oz. ModelP12— 35 in. 40to45oz. 

Spalding Black Oil-Tempefed Bats 

No. lOOD. These bats are tempered in hot oil and afterwards treated with a 
special process which darkens and hardens the surface and has exactly the same 
effedt as aging from long service. The special treatment these bats are subjected 
to make them most desirable for players who keep two or three bats in use. as the 
oil gradually works in and the bats keep improving. Line of models has been 
verv carefully selected. Timber used is the s-ime as-in our "Players' Autograph," 
"AH Star," "Professional Oil Finish" and Gold Medal lines. . . Each, $1.00 

Furnished in any of the following twelve models— Mention model number when ordering 

LENGTH WEIGHT LENGTH WEIGHT LENGTH WEIGHT 



Model DI-31 in. 35 to 39 < 

Model D2 -33 in. 38 to 43 . 

ModelD3-33 in. 39 to 44 i 

Model D4-.33 in. 36 to 40 . 



Model D5-34 
Model D6-35 
Model D7 34 
Model D8-343 



I. 40 to 44 oz. 

1. 40 to 44 oz. 

1. 39 to 43 oz. 

1. 38 to 43 oz. 



Model D9-34!,in. 40to45oz. 
ModelDlO-34 in. 38to42oz. 
ModelDll-35 in. 45to50oz. 
Model D12--35 in. 40 to 45 oz. 



Spalding Gold Medal Natural Finish Bats 

No. lOOG. Models same as our "Professional Oil Finish," but finished in a high 
French polish, with no staining. Timber is same as in our "Players' Autograph," 
"All Star," and other highest quality lines, and models duplicate in lengths, weights, 
etc., the line of Spalding "Professional Oil Finish" styles. . . . Each. $1.00 

Furnished in any of the following twelve models— Mention model number when ordering 
LENGTH WEIGHT LENGTH WEIGHT 

Model Nl 31 in. 35 to 39 oz. Model N5-34 in. 40to44oz. Mode 
Model N2 33 in. 38 to 43 oz. Model N6-35 in. 40 to 44 oz 
Model N3 33 in. 39 to 44 oz. Model N7— 34 in. 39 to 43 oz 
Model N4-33 in. 36 to 40 oz. Model N8-34Vin. 38to43oz 

Spr.Uling bats improve with age if properly cared for. Bats made specially to 
order should not be u.^ed for at least thirty (30) days after they are finished, to 
give ample time for the oiled finish to thoroughly harden. Players should make 

it a rule to have two or more bats in reserve at all times. 

HOLD BAT PROPERLY AND STRIKE THE BALL WITH THE GRAIN. DONT BLAME THE 

MAKER FOR A BREAK WHICH OCCURS THROUGH IMPROPER USE OR ABUSE. 

Spalding Complete Catalogue ol Athletic Goods Matted Free. 



LENGTH WEIGHT 
N9- 34i.in. 40to45oz. 
ModelNlO-34 in. 38to42oz. 
Model Nil— 35 in. 45 to 50 oz. 
Model N 1 2— 35 in. 40 to 45 oz. 



PROMPT AnENTieN GIVfl 

TO ANY communication; 

HODBESSEOTOOS 



I A. G.SPALDING & BROS. M 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



TE LIST OF STORES 
IDE FRONT COVER 
THIS BOOl 



5. 1915. SubjccI to change uilhoul notice. For Canadian pricei let special Canadian Catahfu 



Spalding Genuine Natural Oil Tempered Bats 

No. lOOT. Made of the highest quality, thoroughly seasoned second growth ' 
ash, specially selected for resiliency and driving power, natural yellow oil 
tempered, hand finished to a perfect dead smooth surface and made in twelve 
simply wonderful models, the pick of the models that have actually won the . 
American League and National League Championships during the past few 
years._ .,-••_••• • •. ■ • • ■• Each. $1.00 

Furnished in any of the following twelve models — Mention model number when ordering 

LENGTH WEIGHT LENGTH WEIGHT LENGTH WEIGHT 

ModelTl. 33;;in. 36 to 41 oz. Model T5. 32'. in. 44to48oz. Model T9. 33,'<in. 45 toSOoz. 
ModelT2. 34 in. 39to43oz. ModelT6. 34,';in. 41to45oz. ModelTlO. 36 in. 43to47oz. 
ModelT3. 35 in. 40to44oz. ModelT7. 34 in. 43 to 47 oz. Model Tl 1. 34 in. 37to4loz. 
Model T4. 34><in. 38 to 42 oz. Model T8. 33 in. 45 to 50 oz. Model Tl2. 35 in. 40 to 45 oz. 

Spalding New Special College Bats 
No. lOOM. An entirely new line, special new finish; special stain, and mottled 
burning; carefully filled, finished with best French polish. Wood is finest second 
growth Northern ash, specially seasoned. Models-are same as we have supplied 
to some of the most successful college players. . . . . . . Each, $1.00 

Aring twelve models — Mention model number when ordering 

LENGTH WEIGHT tEN<iTH WEIGHT 

Model M5. 34 in. 40 to 44 oz. Model M9. 35 in." 40 to 45 oz. 
Model M6. 33 in. 38 to 43 oz. Model MIO. 33 in. 37 to 43 oz. 
Model M7. 33 in. 37 to 43 oz. Model Mil. 35 in. 42 to 46 oz. 
ModelM8. 34 in. 39 to 44 oz. ModelM12. 33in. 40to44oz. 

Spalding Very l)ark Brown Special Taped Bats 

No. lOOB. Very dark brown stained, almost black, except twelve inches of the 
handle left perfectly natural, with no finish e.xcept filled and hand-rubbed smooth, 
and then beginning four inches from end of handle, five inches of electric tape, 
wound on bat to produce perfect non-slip grip. Each, $1.00 

Furnished in any of the following six models — Mention model number, when ordering 

LENGTH WEIGHT LENGTH WEIGHT] LENGTH WEIGHT 

ModelBl. 31in. 35 to 40 oz. Model B3. 32,'<in. 40to44oz. Model B5. 34 in. 37 to 41 oz. 
Model 82.* 32 in. 38 to 43 oz. Model 34. 33 in. 39to46oz. Model B6. 34>^in. 37to41oz. 

•Bottle shape. 

Spalding bats improve with age if properly cared for. Bats made specially to 

order should not be used for at least thirty (<30) days after they are finished, to 

give ample time for the oiled finish to thoroughly. harden. Players should mak^ 

it a rule to have two or more bats in reserve at all tinies. 

Spalding Trade-Mark Bats 

No. 75. Wagon Tongue. Most popular models, light antique finish. One dozen in a 
crate (assorted lengths, 30 to 35 inches and weights, 36 to 42 ounces). _ Each, 75c. 

No. 50B. "Spalding Junior," 



Furnished in any of the foil 
LENGTH WEiqHT 
Model Ml. 31 in. 35 to 39 oz. 
ModelM2. 34'<in. 40to45oz. 
ModelM3. 31 '.in. 38to42oz. 
Model M4. 32j<in. 40 to 45 oz. 



No. 50M. Mushroom. Al.J't'vi., Special finish. 
Invaluable as an all-around bat. . ^ Each, 50c. 
No. F. "Fungo." Hardwood. 38 inches long, thin 
model. Professional oil finish. . Each, $1.00 
No. 50W. "Fungo." Willow, light weight, full 

size bat, plain handle Each, 50c. 

No. 50T. Taped "League" ash, extra quality, 

special finish Each, 50c. 

No. 50. "League," ash. plain handle. " 50c. 
No. 25. "City League," plain handle. " 25c. 



special finish. Specially sel- 
ected models ; lengths , and 
weights proper for younger 
players. . . . Each, 50c. 
No. 25B. "Junior League," 
plain, extra quality ash, spotted 
burning. . . . Each, 25c. 
No. lOB. "Boys' League" Bat, 
good ash, varnished. Ea., lOc. 



HOLD BAT PROPERLY AND STRIKE THE BALL WITH THE GRAIN. DON'T BLAME THE 
MAKER FOR A BREAK WHICH OCCURS THROUGH IMPROPER USE OR ABUSE. 

Spalding Complete Catalogue ol Athletic Goods Mailed Free. 



PROMPT ATTENTION 6IVEN 

T04NY COMMONICATIQf 

ADORESSEOTOUS 



A.G.SPALDING 6c BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



COMPLETE UST OF STORES 

ON INSIOE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOK 



prices In effect January 5, 191,5- Subiecl lo change wilhoul notice. For Canadian prices see special Canadian Catalogue. 




!EMAiifJilii'/lilil!lfflMi l 



^'^' 







SPALDING 
CATCHERS' MITTS 

No. 11-0. "Tlie Giant." Heavy brown leather 
throughout; laced back. "Stick-on-the-hand" 
strap-and-buckle fastening. Each, $10.00 

No. 10-0. "woHi;D SERiES"_patent Molded 
Face. Brown calfskin. King- Patent Felt Pad- 
ding. Laced back. "Stick on-the-Hand" strap- 
and-buckle fastening. . . . Each, $9.00 



No. 10-OP. •"*^?,?^*?.?f«,'Es" Same as No. 
10-0, but patent perforated palm. Each, $8.00 

No. 9-0. "Three-and-Out." Patented Molded 
face; hand formed pocket. Brown calfskin; 
hair felt padding; patent laced back; leather 
strap and brass buckle fastening. Each, $8.00 

Palm. Other- 
Each, $8.00 



No. 9-OP. Patent ' ' Perforated ' 
wise same as No. 9-0. . . . 



I 



No. 8-0. "Olympic." Palm specially prepared 
leather. Back and side special brown calfskin. 
Leather lace. Leather bound edges. Hand 
stitched, formed padding. . Each, $7.00 

No. FO. "Foxy." Brown calfskin. Patent 
combination shaped face: hair felt padding. 
Fox Patent Padding Pocket. Extra felt sup- 
plied with mitt "Stick on the Hand" strap- 
and-buckle fastening. . . Each, $7.00 

No. 7-0. "Perfection." Brown calfskin. 
Patent combination shaped face; hair felt pad- 
ding. Patent laced back and thumb; leather 
lace. • • % ^^^^' $6.00 

No. 6-0. "0)lIegiate." Molded face. Olive 
r> 'ored leather. King Patent Felt Padding, 
latent laced back and thumb. Each, $5.00 

Nn. OG. "Conqueror." Semi-molded face. 
Brown calf, black leather bound; leather laced; 
Heel of hand piece felt lined. Each, $5.00 
No. 5-0. "League Extra." Molded face. Buff 
colored leather, patent felt padding; Heel of 
hand piece felt lined. . . , Each, $4.00 

No. OK. "OK Model." Semi-molded, brown 
horse hide face. Felt padding, red leather 
edges. Heel of hand piece felt lined. Ea.,$4.00 

, All Style. Made in Right* and Left* When Ordering for Left Handed Player* Specify "Full Kight." 



PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN I 

TOANYCOMMUNICATIONSi 

ADgRESSEDJOJL 



f?^?9!nrTr!T5m^-7AUi>iuMPiETE m of stores 

^^lllUll^lCT«,^.Ui«2»1l ON INSIDE FRONT MVa 

OFTHISiOOl 



STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



PW<« in tffccljanuaiy 5, 1 915. Subjcel-to change wilhoul notiit. For Canadian price, m sfitoal Canadian Catalogue 



SPALDING CATCHERS* MITTS 



No. 3-0. "Decker Patent." Brown oak leather; 
patent laced back; laced at thumb. Sole leather 
Decker Patent finger protection. Each, $3.50 
No. 2-0. "Leader." Brown oak leather face, 
back and finger piece. Patent laced back; 

laced at thumb Each, $3.50 

No. 4-0. "League Special." (j.nSS;"l:W) Molded 
face. Brown leather; felt padding. Heel of 
hand piece felt lined. . • . . . Each, $3.50 
No, O. "Interstate." Brown leather face, side 

and finger piece Each, $3.00 

No. OH. ''Handy." Pearl grain leather face, 
brown leather back; felt padding; laced, re- 
inforced at thumb Each, $3.00 

No. OR. "Decker Patent." Black leather; 
Sole leather Decker Patent finger protection. 
Each, $2.50 
No. OA. " Inter-City." Brown cowhide face 
and finger piece, green leather back and side 
piece; red leather binding; reinforced and laced 
at thumb; patent laced back. . Each, $2.50 
No. IS." Athletic." Large model, smoked 
horse hide face and finger piece, brown leather 
side piece and back; reinforced and laced at 
thumb; patent laced back. . . Each, $2.00 
No. IR. "jSemi-Pro." Large model; black 
grain- leather; reinforced and laced at thumb; 
patent laced back, leather lace. Each, $2.00 
No. IX. "Trade League." Large model; face 
and finger piece buff colored leather, black lea- 
ther back and side piece; leather bound; pat- 
ent laced back. Felt padding. Each, $2.00 
No. IC. "Back-Stop.^' Large model; special 
gray leather face and finger piece; brown lea» 
ther side and back; padded. . Each, $L50 
No. ID. "Champion." Black leather face, 
back and finger piece, with brown leather side. 
Padded; patent laced back. . Each; $1.50 
No. lA. "Catcher." Oak leather face, back 
and finger piece, black leather side piece. 
Laced at thumb. ...» Each, $1.25 

No. 2C. "Foul Tip." Oak leather. Padded; 
reinforced and laced at thumb. Each, $1.00 
No. 2R. "Association." Black leather face, 
back and finger piece; . . . Each, $L00 
No. 3. "Amateur." Oak" tanned leather face, 
back and finger piece. ... * Each, 75c. 
No. 3R, " Interscholastic." Black leather face, 
back and finger piece. « _ .... Each, 75c, 
No. 4. "Public School." Large sire. Brown oak 
leather; reinforced, laced at thumb. Ea.,50c. 
No. 4R. " Boys' Amateur." Large size. Black 
leather face and finger piece. . Each, 50c. 
No. 5. "Boys' Delight." Face and finger 
piece of brown oak tanned leather. Each. 25c. 

All Stylet Made in^ Rights and Leftt, When offering (or Left 



PROMPT mENTlON GIVEN 

TO ANY COIMUNICATIONS 

MDHESSEDTOUS 



A.G.SPALDING <Sl BROS 



STORES IN ALL LARGE C 



P.^cel In (ge<it January 5, 1915^ Subject to thonft tf«Ae«< n»«c«. Far. 




erica Ki ifceial Cunadiao C<ird/«<«C| 




IBilMili!li^;li!lillffB^lliMnil[^^ 



GUARANTEES 
QUALITY 



No. AAl 




SPALDING INFIELDERS' GLOVES 

No. VXL. "Just Right." "Broken-In" style. Spe- 
cially treated brown calfskin. Full leatfier lined. 
Welted seams. Supplied in either regular or "Cadet" 
fingers. King Patent Padding. (jr.';;.",i..) Each, $5.00 
No. SXL. "All Players." "Broken-In" Buckskin. 
Finest material throughout. Full leather lined. Welted 
seams. King Patent Padding. (j„!:;';;.",^:o) ' Each, $5.00 
No. AAl. '"^"i^.HPs *™"" Professional model. 
Finest buckskin, specially treated to help player break 
glove into shape. Very little padding. Welted seams. 
Leather lined throughout. One of the most popular 

models. Regular padding Each, $4.00 

'\ \ I, ) No. BBl. "'**'"J?^J*s P?,^u?*^*" Finest buckskin. Worn 

\ » I I "\ by successful National and American League infielders. 
% I J I Goodwidth and length. Leather lined. Welted seams. 
^^ ? ' ' King Patent Padding. Ors."i?,.) . . . Each, $4.00 
No. 55. "Leaguer." With shorter "Cadet" fingers 
than in other gloves. Best quality buckskin. Welted 
seams and leather lined all through. . Each, $4.00 
No. PX. "Professional." FeltUned. Finest buckskin, 
same as in our No. PXL glove. Padded according to 
ideas of prominent professional players who prefer 
felt to leather lining. Welted seams. Each, $3.00 
No. RXL. "League Extra." Black calfskin. Highest 
quality throughout. Design similar to No. PXL. Full 
leather lined. Welted seams. ... Each, $3.50 
No. PXL. "Professional." Finest buckskin. Heavily 
padded around edges and little finger. Extra long to 
protect wrist. Leather lined. Welted seams. Supplied 
in regular and "Cadet" fingers. . . Each, $3.50 

y ,w No. XWL. "League Special." Specially tanned calf- 

L skin. Padded with felt. Extra long to protect wrist. 

V&. fh^"^,r Highest quality workmanship. Full leather lined. 

^ ih^°% Welted seams Each, $3.00 

^- y^^/o,,-.,,,,/ Ivjo 2W. "Minor League." Smoked horse hide. Pro- 

fessional model. Full leather lined. King Patent Felt 
Padding. {il'JS%«) Welted seams. . . Each, $3.00 
No. 2XR. "Inter-City." Black calfskin. Professional 
style; padded little finger; leather strap at thumb; 
welted seams; leather lined throughout. Each, $2.50 
No. PBL. "Professional Jr." Youths' Professional 
style Selected velvet tanned buckskin. Same as No. 
PXL. Leather lined. Welted seams. Each, $2.50 
No. 2X. "League." Specially tanned pearl colored 
grain leather. Same as special shortstop glove No. SS. 
Welted seams; leather lined throughout. Each, $2.50 
No. 2Y. "International." Smoked horse hide. Pro- 
fessional style, specially padded little finger, and 
leather strap at thumb; welted seams. Full leather 
lined throughout. . . ...._. . _ Each._$2.50 

All the glove, described above are made regularly with Web of Leather between Thumb and First 
Finger, which can be cut out very easily if not required. All Spalding infielders Gloves are made 
with our patented diverted seam (Patented March 10, 1908) between fingers, adding considerably 

to the durability of the gloves. 
AH Sjj;Ie. Made in Rights and Lefts. When ordermg for Left Handed Players Specify "Full Right." 

-' Spalding Complele Calalogoe ol Alhletic Coods Mailed Free. 





PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN 

TffANY COMMUNICATIOl' 

ADORESSEO TO US 



A.G.SPALDING <Sc BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



COMPLETE UST OF STORES 

ON INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOt 



Trisu in tgv^hmory 3. 191^3^ §ul>J«it .'» «*<">»« «»<H' nsi''*' F9r (^-naJi^n pric, }« ig«t".( C<-noJ,9n fa/^/v ( 



ACCEPT NO 
.SUBSTITUTE 




iiMiMMMliilililii'/fililllilittf 



SPALDING INFIELDERS' GLOVES 

No. 3X. "Semi-Pro." Gray buck tanned leather. Large 
model. Correctly padded; welted seams. Leather 

lined throughout Each, $2.00 

No.4X. "Association." Brown leather.speciallyti'eated. 
Popular model. Padded little finger, and leather strap 
at thumb. Welted seams; full leather hned. Ea.,$2.00 
No.SXR. "Amateur." Black tanned leather, padded, 
large thumb. Welted seams. Leather lined. Ea.,$2.00 
No. XL. "Club Special." White leather, padded on pro- 
fessional model. Welted seams. Leather lined. $1.50 
No. XLA. "Either Hand." Worn on right or left hand. No. 3X 
(Pat. Sept. 12, 1911). White tanned leather, correctly 
padded. Welted seams. Full leather lined. Each,$1.50 
No. 11. "Match." Professional style. Special tanned 
olive colored leather throughout. Welted seams; cor- 
rectly padded. Leather lined. . . . Each, $1.50 
No. ML. "Diamond." Special model. Smoked sheep- 
skin, padded. Full leather lined. . . Each, $1.50 
No.XS. "Practice." White velvettannedleather. Welted 
seams; mside hump. Full leather lined. Each, $1.25 
No.l5. "Regulation." Menssize, Brown tanned leather, 
padded. Welted seams. Palm leather lined. Ea.,$1.00 
No.l 5R. "Regulation." Men's size. Black tanned leather, 
padded; inside hump. Palm leather lined. Each,$1.00 
No. 10. "Mascot." Men's size. Olive tanned leather, 
padded. Popular model. Palm leather lined. Ea.,$1.00 
No. X. "Special." Men'ssize. Oak tanned brown lea- 
ther. Professional model. Leather strap at thumb, 
padded. Welted seams. Leather lined. Each, $1.00 
No. XB. "Boys' Special." Boys' professional style. 
White leather. Welted seams. Leather lined. Ea..$1.00 
No. 12. "Public School." Full size. White chrome lea- 
ther, padded; inside hump. Palmleatherlined. Ea.,75c. 
No. 13. "Interscholastic." Youths' size. Oak tanned 
brown leather. Professional model. Leather web at 
thumb; padded. Weltedseams. Leather lined. Ea.,75c. 
No. 12R. "League Jr." Full size. Black tanned lea- 
ther, lightly padded, but extra long. Palm leather 
lined. Welted seams, inside hump. . . Each, 75c. 
No. 1 6. "Junior." Full size. Whitechrome tanned leather, 
lightly padded.extra long. Palmleatherlined. Ea.,50c.: 
No. 16W. "Star." Full size. White chrome leather. 
Weltedseams; padded. Palmleatherlined. Ea.,50c. 
No. 14X. "Boys' Match." Youths' professional style. 
Special tanned wine colored leather, correctly padded 
and inside hump. Palm leather lined. . Each, 50c. 
No. 17. "Youths.'" Brown smooth tanned leather, 
padded; inside hump. Palmleatherlined. Each, 50c. 
No. 18. "Boys' Own." Oak tanned leather, padded; 
inside hump. Palm leather lined. . . Each, 25c. 

All the gloves described above are made regularly with Web of Leather between Thumb and Firit 

Finger, which can be cut out very easily if not required. All Spalding Infielders' Gloves are made 

with our p&tented diverted seam (Pa tented March 10, 1908) between fingers, adding considerably 

to th^- durability of the gloves. 

All Styles Made in Rights ana lefts. When ordering for Left Handed Players Specify "Full Right." 

,^ Spalding Complete Calalogne ol Athletic Goods Mailed Free. 




No. 17 



PROMPT AHENTION I 

TOANYCOMMUNICATI 

ADDRESSED TO I 



A.G.SPALDING &, BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE GITIES 



COMPlfTELISTOF STORES 

ON INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOK 



¥ti(t» In effect January 5, -'91 5. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian pricei see ipecial Canadian Catalogutt 



StuTeTHE SPALDING' 




/ 






I'^ 



SPALDING BASEMEN'S MITTS 

No. ABX. "SUck^n-the-Hand." Calfskin. Laced, 
except thumb and heel. Special strap "Stick-on- 
the-Hand" with buckle at back. . Each, $5.00 
No. AAX. "First Choice" Broken-In Model. Spe- 
cially prepared leather. King Patent Padding. Lea- 
ther lace. Strap reinforcement at thumb. Ea.,$5.00 
No. AXX. "Good Fit." Brown calfskin, bound with 
black leather Leather laced, . . Each, $4.00 
No. BXS. "League Special." Brown calfskin, 
bound with brown leather. Leather laced, except 
at heel ; leather strap support at thumb. Ea. , $4.00 
No.AXP. "WORLD SERIES." White tanned buck ; 
leather lacmg. Leather strap support at thumb. 

King Patent Padding Each, $4.00 

No. BXP. "wOr«*'u».?=«Fs.- Calfskin; leather lac- 
ing. Leather strap support at thumb. King 

Patent Padding. Each,$4.00 

No. CO. "Professional." Specially treated calfskin. 
Padded, leather laced, except at heel. Each, $3.00 
No. ex. "Semi-Pro." Smoke colored leather face, 
brown leather back, laced all around, except at 
heel; padded at wrist and thumb. . Each, $2.50 
No. CD. "Red Oak." Tanned brown leather; red 
leather binding. Laced, except at thumb and heel, 
leather strap supi)ort at thumb. . . Each, $2.50 
No. CXR. "Amateur" Black leather face, back and 
lining. Padded; laced, except at heel. Each, $2.00 
No. CXS. "Amateur." Special tanned brown lea- 
ther. Padded; laced, except at heel. Each, $2.00 
No. DX. "Double Play" Oak tanned leather, laced 
all around, except at heel; padded. Each, $1.50 
No. EX. "League Jr." Black smooth leather, laced all 
around, except at heel. Suitably padded. Ea.,$1.00 

All Mitts described above, patented August 9, 1910 
King Patent Padding on Nos. AAX, AXP.BXP.Pal. June 28,1910 

" League Extra" Pitchers' and Basemen's Mitt 

No. IF. Face of tanned leather; balance of brown 
calfskin. Without hump. Leather laced. Ea.,$3.50 

Spalding Fielders' Mitts 

No. 2MF. " League Special." Brown calfskin face 
and back; has finger separations of leather, extra 
full thumb, leather web; leather lined. Ea., $3.00 
No, 5MF. "Professional." Olive leather, padded; 
finger separations; felt lined; leather web. Ea.,$2.00 
No'; 6MF. "Semi-Pro." White tanned buckskin: 
leather finger separations; leather lined; large 
thumb; well padded, and leatherweb. Each, $1.50 
No. 7MF. "Amateur." Pearl colored leather; finger 
separations; padded; web thumb. Each, $1.00 

No. 8F. "Amateur." Black tanned smooth leather; 
padded; leather lined; reinforced and laced at 
thumb. Strap-and-buckle fastening. Each, $1.00 
No. 9F. " League Jr." Boy's. Oak tanned l«?ather, 
padded; reinforced and laced at thumb. Each, 50c. 

All Styles Made in Rights and Lefts. When Ordering for Uft 
Handed Players Specify "Full Right." " 



PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN I 

TOiNY CpMMUNIGATiONSl 

AOORESSEOTOUS 



'JI>1LUcff;l:l:Md 



STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 

JINSIOE FRONT COYER 

OF THIS BOOl 



I a ^tctjamiary 5, 1915. Subject to change wnhout nolict. For Canadian prtco ice 'thecal Canadian Catalofuf 



S»SRALDING' 



TRADE-MARK ^Tuffif 









SPALDING CATCHERS* MASKS 

No. 1 1 -OD. "SAFETY FIRST" Double Wire, Open Vision, Elec- 
tric Welded Frame. Double wiring adds a little to the ordinary 
weight of a mask, but for the catcher who wants the best there 
is no other style worth consideration. Properly padded, including 
every up-to-date feature in construction. . . . .' Each, $6.00 
No. 10-OW. "wOr^^^sff ?!*=*•" J'nri^S-BSr.'I.Kli: Special electric 
welded "Open Vision" blackfinishframe.includingwireear guards 
and circular opening in front. Weight is as light as consistent with 
absolute safety; paddingconformstofacewith comfort. Ea.,$5.00 
No. 8-0. "Open Vision." KI^o^Td^' IJ: ills- Specially soldered 
and reinforced frame of highest quality special steel wire, black 
finish. Carefully reinforced with hard solder at joining points. 

Special wire ear guards Each, $5.00 

No. 5-0. "Open Vision" Umpires' Mask. Has neck protecting 
attachment and special ea^" protection; nicely padded. Principal 
wire crossings specially soldered. Safest and most convenient 

style ever made for umpires. . Each, $5.00 

No. 6-0. " Special Soldered." Principal wire crossings heavily 
soldered. "Open Vision," extra heavy wire frame, black 
finished; continuous style padding, with soft chin-pad; special 

elastic head-band < . . , . Each, $4.00 

No. 4-0. "Sun Protecting." Patent leather sun-shade, protec- 
ting eyes without obstructing view. "Open Vision," electric 
welded frame of e.xtra heavy steel wire, black finish. With soft 
chin-pad; improved design hair-filled pads, including forehead 

pad; elastic head band Each, $4.00 

No. 3-0. "Neck Protecting." Neck protecting arrangement 
aff'ords positive protection. Open Vision, " electric welded, black 
finish frame; comfortable pads, with soft chin-pad and special 

elastic head -strap. • Each, $3.50 

No. O-P. "Semi-Pro" League. "Open Vision," electric welded 
best black annealed steel wire frame. Special continuous style 
side pads, leather covered; special soft forehead and chin-pad; 
elastic head-band. . , . ..... . . . . Each, $2.50 

SPALDING "REGULATION LEAGUE" MASKS 

No. 2-0. "Open Vision," soldered heavy black annealed steel 
wire frame. Full length side pads of improved design; soft 
fore-head and chin-pad; special elastic head-band. Each, $2.00 
No. O-X. Men's size. "Open Vision," electric welded frame, 
black finish. Improved leather covered pads, including forehead- 
pad, molded leather chin-strap; elastic head-band. Each, $1.50 
No.OXB. Youths'. "Open Vision, " electric welded frame, black 
finish. Soft side padding, forehead and chin-pad. Each, $1.50 
No. A. iWen's. Electric welded black enameled frame. Leather 

covered pads, forehead and chin-pad Each, $1.00 

No. B. Youths'. Electric welded black enameled frame; similar 
in quality throughout to No. A, but smaller in size. Each, $1.00 
No.C. Electricweldedblackenameled frame; soft leather covered 
pads; wide elastic head-stnip, leather strap-and-buckle. Ea.,50c. 
No. D. Electric welded black enameled frame. Smaller in size 
than No. C Each, 25c. 



Spalding Complete Calalogne ol Alhlctic Goods Mailed Free. 



PROMPT mENTiON GIVEN 

TO ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

UDDRESSEDTOUS 



M^^G^SRALDING & BROS. 

STORES IN aLL LARGE CITIES 



COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 

ON INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOK 



effect January 5, 1915.. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian prces 



al Canadian Calatoguc. 




||}i!iifelilli'lilillilBM'MMil!4^^ 



GUARANTEES 
QUALITY 



SPALDING BASE BALL UNIFORMS 



$12.50 
11.50 

10.00 
9.00 
7.50 
7.50 
6.00 
5.00 
3.50 
2.50 
1.00 



Complete Color Sample Book mailed, on application, to any team captain or manager, together with 
Meaiurement Blank and full inttructiont for measuring players for uniforms. 

Spalding "woRi^o: SERIES" Uniform No. O. . Single Suit, $15.00 

Net price to clubs ordering for Entire Team Suit, 

Spalding "woRi^n SERIES- Uniform No. OA. Single Suit, $14.00 

Net price to clubs ordering for Entire Team Suit, 

Spalding "League" Uniform No. 1 Single Suit, $12.50 

Net price to clubs ordering for Entire Team. .... Suit, 
Spalding "League" Uniform No. 1 A. . . . Single 'Suit. $11.50 

Net price to clubs ordering for Entire Team Suit, 

Spalding "Interscholastic" Uniform No. 2. . . Single Suit, $9.00 

Net price to clubs ordering for Entire Team Suit, 

Spalding "Minor League" Uniform No. M. . Single Suit, $9.00 

Net price to clubs ordering for Entire Team Suit, 

Spalding "City League" Uniform No. W. . . Single Suit, $7.50 

Net price to clubs ordering for Entire Team Suit, 

Spalding "Club Special" Uniform No. 3. . . Single Suit, $6.00 

Net price to clubs ordering for Entire Team Suit, 

Spalding "Amateur Special" Uniform No. 4. . Single Suit, $4.00 

Net price to clubs ordering for Entire Team Suit, 

Spalding "Junior" Uniform No. 5 Single Suit, $3.00 

Net price to clubs ordering nine or more uniforms. . . Suit, 
Spalding " Youths' " Uniform No. 6. Good quality Gray material 

No larger sizes than 30-in. waist and 34-in. chest. . . Complete, 

ABOVE UNIFORMS CONSIST OF SHIRT. PANTS. CAP. BELT AND STOCKINGS. 

SPALDING BASE BALL SHOES 

No. FW. '■'^«?S¥*sf.f?P*" Kan- 
garoo uppers, white oak soles. Hand 
sewed; strictly bench made. Extra 
strongsoft laces. . jPair, $7.00 

Owing to the lightness and fineness of this 
shoe, it is suitable only for the fastest players, 
but as a light weight durable shoe for general 
use we recommend No. 30-3. 

Sizes and Weights of No. FW Shoe. 
Size of Shoes : S 6 7 8 9 

Weight per pair: 18 18J 19 20 21 ox. 

No. SO-S. "Sprinting." Kangaroo uppers, white oak soles. Built on our running 
shoe last. Lightweight. Hand sewed; bench made. 'Strong laces. Pair, $7.00 
No. O. "Club Special." Selected satin calfskin, substantially made. High point 
carefully tempered carbon steel plates hand riveted to heels and soles. Pair, $5.00 
No. OS. "Club Special" Sprinting. Similar to. No. 0, but made with sprinting 

style flexible soles. (Patented May 7, 1912) 'Pair, $5.00 

No. 35. "Amateur Special." Leather, machine sewed. High point carefully tem- 
pered carbon steel plates hand riveted to heels and soles. Pair, %Z.SO -k $i9.00 Doz. 
No. 37. "Junior." Leather; regular base ball shoe last. Plates hand riveted to heels 
and soles. Excellent for the money but not guaranteed. Pair, %2.SQ -k $'^7 .00 Doz. 

Juvenile Base Ball Shoes 
No. 38. Made on special boys' size lasts. Good quality material throughout aiid 
steel plates. Furnished in boys' sizes, 12 to 5, inclusive, only. . . Pair, $2.00 

Spalding "Dri-Foot" prolongs the life of the shoes. Can, ISc 

' r/;<- pritfs printed in italics opposite items mayl;ej with ■*■ re/// be quoted O'lly on orders for one-half 

dozen pj:,s or more at one time. Quantity prues XOJ'attoued on items .\OT marked iinlli * 




ll 



PROMPT AnENTION 6IVEI 

TO ANT COMMUNICATIOI 

ADDRESSED TO US 



A.G.SPALDING &BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



COMPLETE UST OF STORES 

ON INSIDE FRONT COVEH 

OF THIS BOOK 



1*1(01 in tffecl January 5, 1915. . Subject to chaq-'e without notice. For Ca 



al Canadian Calalogut. 




ACCEPT NO 
SUBSTITUTE 



Spalding "WORU» SERIES" Catchers'^Body Protectors 

No. 5P. Padded style, not inflated. Patented June . No. 4-0. Inflated style. Strong tan covering. Spe. 
22, W; Aug. 24, "09. Canvas cover, laced at sides, cial shoulder padding, laced to permit readjustment 
permitting readjusting of padding as desired. Spe- of padding as desired and special body strap. (Pat- 
cial body strap Each, $10.00 ented Nov. 24, '03). . . . ^ . ^_Each, $10.00 

Spalding^ Catchers' Body Protectors 

No. 2-0. "Minor League." Cover of durable material. 

Made in best manner. Inflated. Full size. Each. $7.50 
No. 0. "City League." Slightly narrower than No. 2-0. 

Covering of durable material. Inflated. . Eaih, $5.00 
No. M. "Interscholastic." Well made. Inflated. . " 3.50 
No. 2. "Youths'." Good size. Inflated. . . " 3.00 

Spalding Umpires' Body Protectors 

Giv« length and width when ordering Umpires* Body Protectors. 

No. L. Inflated. Large size, best quality. Same as supplied 
to most experienced major league umpires. Each, $10.00 

No. LS. Inflated. Special light weight, very large air 
passages and without any breaks or hinges. Soft rubber 
tube instead of regular inflating valve. Not earned in 
stock; supplied on special orders only. . Each, $10.00 

No. R. Inflated. Correct model. Cover of good material. 
Flexible inflating tube Ekch, $5.00 

Spalding Leg Guards for Bas€ Ball Catchers 

No. 33. As supplied to Roger Bresnahan and to other 
prominent league catchers. Knee guard of molded sole 
leather; leg piece padded with reeds; light and strong; 
special ankle pads as protection from spikes. Covered 
with special quality white buck dressed leather. Pair, $6.50 

Spalding Catchers' Leg Guards 

No. RB. Plain style, fiber leg piece, not ribbed. Leather 
padded at ankle and knee Pair, $5.00, 

Spalding Uniform Bags 

Convenient roll for packing uniforms in a manner which 
will not wrinkle and soil them; with separate compart- 
ments for shoes, etc. 
No. 2. Bag leather: well made. . . . . . Each, $6.00 

No. 1. Best heavy canvas : leather boulid, double leather 

shawl strap and handle ■ Each, $3.00 

No. 6. Brown canvas roll; leather straps and handle. " 1 .50 
No. 5. Combined Uniform and Bat Bag. Similar to regular 

uniform bags, but with extra compartment to carry one 

bat. Best canvas, leather bound. . . . Each, $4.00 
No. 4. Individual Uniform Bag. Best quality brown can- 

vas ; two leather handles ; strap-and-buckle fastenings. . 

Holds suit, shoes and other necessary articles. Each, $2.00 

Spalding Bat Bags 

No. 2. Heavy waterproof canvas, leather reinforced at both 

ends', and leather handles ; holds 1 2 bats. . E^ch, $3.50 

No. 3. Similar to No. 2, but holds only 6 bats. " 2.50 

Spalding Individual Bat Bags 

No. 01. Good quality heavy leather bat bag, for two bats; 

used by most league players. Each, $4.00 ir $43.20 Doz. 
No. 02. Extra heavy canvas ; heavy leather cap at both 

ends Each, $2.00* ii'y.ii^Z'sa. 

No. SI. Sheepskin, good quality bag, with heavy leather 

end Each, $1.75^ jr/<J'.9^Z)£>z. 

No. 03. Heavy canvas; leather cap at both ends. 

Each, $1.00 if S10.80 Doz. 

Spalding Special Club Bat Bag 

No. 8. Heavy canvas, with strong reinforcing strips run- 
ning lengthwise, and heavy Iea$her ends. Holds 26 to 

30 bets Each. $18.00" 

Letterinc on any of aboye bags extra. Prices on application. ' 




The prices printed in italics opposite items ^ 

marked with * will b-e quoted only on orders 

for one-Jtalf dozen or more at one time. 

Quantity prices KOT allowed on items' 

NOTlnarked with * 



iTpROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN 
I TO ANY COMMUNICATIONS 
| | AODRESSEDTOUS 



A.G.SPALDING <Sl BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



COMPLETE UST OF STORES 
ON INSIDE FRONT COVER 
DF THIS Boot 



Prlca In effect January 5. 191^5. Sulject to change wilhtul notice. For Canadian price) tee tpecial Canadian Catalofut, 




liiiiJiifeiiiiiJiiiiiii^jJiiM 



GUARANTEES 
QUALITY 



Spalding Base Ball Bases 

Completv with Straps and Spike* 
"No. OL. Special League Bases, filled, very heavy quilted 
canvas. Each base fitted with two extra strong, harness 
leather straps and three extra heavy 14 inch special 
spikes. Used by the big league and college clubs. 
*" - ' Set of 3. $7.50 

No. 0. League Club Bases, filled, extra quality canvas , 
quilled. Harness leather straps. . . . Set of 3, $6.00 
No. 1. Canvas Bases, filled, well made; not quilted. 

Set of 3, $5.00 

No. 2. Canvas Bases, filled, good quality. Set of 3, 3.50 

No. 4. Unfilled Canvas Bases, laced. May be filled with 

•and or other material. Canvas straps. Set of 3, $1.00 

No. S. Quilled Stiff Canvas Bases, without straps. 

t^- ,Setof3. 1.00 

Spalding Pitchers' Box Plates " 

No. 3. Made in accordance with National League regula- 

lions; extra quality white rubber. With pins. Each. $5.00 

'No. 2. Composition material, regulation size and shape. 

With pins. . . . . - Each.-$3.S0 

Spalding Rubber Home Plates 

No. 1. In accordance with the National League regulations. 
, Extra quahty while rubber. With pins. . Each. $7.50 
No. C. Composition material, regulation size and shape. 
\Wilhpin». , _,.. . ^ ._, Each. $5.00 

Spalding Improved 
Steel Shoe Plates 

We do not sell separately the 

special quality base ball shoe 

plates used on ouf best grade 

shoes, but we will refit shoes 

of our own make with steel 

No. 4-0 plates, and charge, including 

pair each of toe and heel plates and putting 

plates on .hoes. ...'■.... $1.00 

Thh price docs nol Include tramportation ■. 

charge! on fhocs. 

No. 3-0. Toe Plates, high point carbon steel, 

carefully tempered and ground. Pair, 50c 

No. 4-0. Heel Plates, high point carbon steel, 

carefully tempered and ground. Pair. 50c. 

No. 0< Toe Plates, hardened steel. sl>ar.' 

pened Pair. 25c 

No. 2-0. Heel plates, hardened steel, sharpened. " 25c, 
No. 1. Toe plates, good steel, sharpened. " lOc 

No. IH. Heel plates, good steel, sharpened. '" lOc; 

Spalding Pitchers' Toe Plate* J 

A thorough protection to shoe and of great, 
stance in pitching. Made for right or 
shoe. When ordering, specify for' 






Extra Straps and Spikes 

Straps for Nos. OL and Bases. ...... Each. 75c 

Straps for No. I Bases " 50c 

Strapsfor No. 2Bases. .■ . . ._...! " 40c 

Spikes for Nos. OL and Bases. ... .-' . . . " 20c. 

Spikes for No. I Bases "10c 

Spikes lor No. 2 Bases. ......_ " 5c. 

Spalding 

Fred Clarke Sun Glasses 

Glasses arc made with an attach. 

t that hinges on to the cap and 

I can be turned up out of the way 

when nol needed. 

No. 2. Fred Clarke Sun Glasses. 

Complete with attachment for 

fastening to cap. Pair. $10.00 

Price doci not include cap' 

I Spalding Regular Sun Glasses for Outfielders 




'No. 






ility 



Oaiidl 




AIM^ii 



d_gii, 



which sho' 



requ 



No. A. Aluminum. Regular style Each. 25c. 

No. B. Brasa. Regular style " 25c. 

No.BS. Brass. Cut low. Light weight. Particularly for 
T>itchers and ahort8to£8 who do nol draj their feet Each. 25c, 

Spalding 
* Movable Batting Cage 

Can be moved to any part of the 
field quickly and easily by simply 

s m position it 

ide with heavy 

n piping. No 
out of order Simpl 

n; strongly made Use- 

;fy major league field 

Dllcge- 
This photograph shows Eddie Collin 
of the Philadelphia ■•Ath|et. " 
ling practice just' 
of the World Series games Compl 



Spalding 
Score Books 

SpaldingBaseBallScore 
Books are made in three 
styles: Morse style (Nos. 
1.3.4, Sand M); A. C. 
Spalding style (Nos. 2 and S) I 
Foster style (No. F). 

Pocket Score Books 

No. 1. Paper, 7 games. Morse style Each. 10c. 

No. 2. Board, 22 games, A. G. Spalding style. " 2Sc 

No. 3. Board, 46 games, Morse style " 50c 

No, S. Board. A. G. Spalding style. 79 games. " 75c 

No. M. Board, Morse slyle. 79 games. ... " 75c 

No. F, Board, Foster style. 79 games. ... " 75c 

Club Score Books 

No. 4. Board.flHxlOH'n.30gani".Mo"<=''5'l'- E«.*100 
No. 5. Board, 8Ji i I0>8 in.. 79 games. Morse slyle. " 1.50 

Score Cardi. ^.-j^ ^<'^- ^'^ Doz,_ JS 

Spalding Umpire Indicator 

No 0. Made 
of celluloid; 

.^'^^^"'►X .1 Endorsed 
by 
League umpires. Each. 50< 




-Prica In effect Januan, 5. /9/,5/ Subject lo changt without notice.^ For Canadian priai tee tptclal Canadian Catalofat, 



standard Policy 



A Standard Quality must be inseparably linked to a Standard Policy. 

Without a definite and Standard Mercantile Policy, it is impossible for a 
Manufacturer to long maintain a Standard Quality. 

To market his goods through the jobber, a manufacturer must provide a 
profit for the jobber as well as for the retail dealer. To meet these conditions 
of Dual Profits, the manufacturer is obliged to set a proportionately high list 
price on his goods to the consumer. 

To enable the glib salesman, when booking his orders, to figure out 
attractive profits to both the jobber and retailer, these high list prices are 
absolutely essential; but their real purpose will have been served when the 
manufacturer has secured his order from the jobber, and the jobber has secured 
his order from the retailer. 

However, these deceptive high list prices are not fair to the consumer, who 
does not, and, in reality, is not ever expected to pay these fancy list prices. 

When the season opens for the sale of such goods, with their misleading 
but alluring high list prices, the retailer begins to realize his responsibilities, and 
grapples with the situation as best he can, by offering "special discounts," 
which vary with local trade conditions. 

Under this system of merchandising, the profits to both the manufacturer 
and the jobber are assured ; but as there is no stability maintained in the prices 
to the consumer, the keen competition amongst the local dealers invariably 
leads to a demoralized cutting of prices by which the profits of the retailer are 
practically eliminated. rr-i . , , . . 

This demoralization always reacts on the manufacturer. The jobber insists 
on lower, and still lower, prices. The manufacturer, in his turn, meets this 
demand for the lowering of prices by the only way open to him, viz.: the cheap- 
ening and degrading of the quality of his product. . 

The foregoing conditions became so intolerable that 16 years ago, in 1899. 
A. G. Spalding & Bros, determined to rectify this demoralization in the Athletic 
Goods Trade, and inaugurated what has since become known as "The Spalding 
Policy." 

"The Spalding Policy" eliminates the jobber entirely, so far as Spalding 
Goods are concerned, and the retail dealer secures the supply of Spalding 
Athletic Goods direct from the manufacturer by which the retail dealer is 
assured a fair and legitimate profit on all Spalding Athletic Goods, and the 
consumer is assured a Standard Quality and is protected from imposition. 

"The Spalding Policy" is decidedly for the interest and protection of the 
users of Athletic Goods, and acts in two ways : 

First— The user is assured of genuine Official Standard Athletic Goods. 

Second.— As manufacturers, we can proceed with confidence in 
purchasing at the proper time, the very best raw materials required 
in the manufacture of our various goods, well ahead of their 
respective seasons, and this enables us to provide the necessary 
quantity and absolutely maintain the Spalding Standard of Quality. 

All retail dealers handling Spalding Athletic Goods are requested to supply 
consumers at our regular printed catalogue prices— neither rnore nor less— the same 
prices that similar goods are sold for in our New York, Chicago and other stores. 

All Spalding dealers, as well as users of Spalding Athletic Goods, are treated 
exactly alike, and no special rebates or discriminations are allowed to anyone. 

This briefly, is "The Spalding Policy," which has already been in successful 
operation for the past 16 years, and will be indefinitely continued. 

In other words, "The Spalding Policy" is a "square deal" for everybody. 

A. G. SPALDING & BROS. 



By ^J^^^^^^^^^^. 

PXXSIDXHT, \m^ 



An article that is universally given the appellation "Standard" is thereby 
conceded to be the criterion, to which are compared all other things of a similar 
nature. For instance, the Gold Dollar of the United States is the Standard unit 
of currency, because it must legally contain a specific proportion of pure gold, 
and the fact of its being Genuine is guaranteed by the Government Stamp 
thereon. As a protection to the users of this currency against counterfeiting and 
other tricks, considerable money is expended in maintaining a Secret Service 
Bureau of Experts. Under the law, citizen manufacturers must depend to a 
great extent upon Trade-Marks and similar devices to protect themselves against 
counterfeit products— without the aid of "Government Detectives" or "Public 
Opinion" to assist them. 

Consequently the "Consumer's Protection" against misrepresentation and 
"inferior quality" rests entirely upon the integrity and responsibility of the 
" Manufacturer." 

A. G. Spalding & Bros, have, by their rigorous attention to "Quality," for 
thirty-nine years, caused their Trade-Mark to become known throughout 
the world as a Guarantee of Quality as dependable in their field as the 
U. S. Currency is in its field. 

The necessity of upholding the Guarantee of the Spalding Trade-Mark and 
maintaining the Standard Qyality of their Athletic Goods, is. therefore, as obvi- 
ous as is the necessity of the Government in maintaining a Standard Currency. 

Thus each consumer is not only insuring himself but also protecting other 
consumers when he assists a Reliable Manufacturer in upholding his Trade- 
Mark and all that it stands for. Therefore, we urge all users of our Athletic 
Goods to assist us in maintaining the Spalding Standard of Excellence, by 
insisting that our Trade-Mark be plainly stamped on all athletic goods which 
they buy, because without this precaution our best efforts towards maintainmg 
Standard Qyality and preventing fraudulent substitution will be ineffectual. 

Manufacturers of Standard Articles invariably suffer the reputation of being 
high-prired, and this sentiment is fostered and emphasized by makers of 
" inferior goods," with whom low prices are the main consideration. 

A manufacturer of recognized Standard Goods, with a reputation to uphold 
and a guarantee to protect must necessarily have higher prices than a manufac- 
turer of cheap goods, whose idea of and basis of a clairr. for Standard Quality 
depends principally upon the eloquence of the salesman. 

We know from experience that there is no quicksand more unstable than 
povsrty in quality—and we avoid this quicksand by Standard Quality. 



^PALD 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 




005 900 522 4 ^ 



i A separate book covers every Athletic Sport 
I and is Off icial and Standard 

\ Price 10 cents each 



GRAND PRIZE 




GRAND PRIX 



iEmsH 



PARIS , 1900 



ST. LOUIS 1904 ^ MT J\ jL/ U 1 -W VJ PARIS, 19 00 

ATHLETIC GOODS 

ARE THE STANDARD OF THE >VORLD 



AG SPALDING ® Bros. 

MAINTAIN WHOLESALE GA2d RETAIL STORES /n fy/^ FOLLOWING CITIES 
NEW YORK CHICAGO ST. LOUIS : 

BOSTON MILWAUKEE KANSAS CITY 

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SYRACUSE ROCHESTER INDIANAPOLIS PORTLAND 

BALTIMORE WASHINGTON PITTSBURGH Ml NNEAPOI » - 



DON, ENGLAND ATLANTA ST PAUL 

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BRISTOL. ENGLAND* TORONTO, CANADA 

EDINBURGH. SCOTLAND PARIS, FRANCE 

GLASGOW, SCOTLAND SYDNEY. AUSTRALIA 

Ties o\'^ned and operated by A.G.Spaldm^ & Bros, and x^here ell of Spaldtnys 
de -t^cr-Kcd Athletic Goods arc made org located in tftc folloy^i ng cities 



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